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The antler fly breeds on discarded antlers of moose and other deer. [4] As adaptations to such a scarce and scattered resource, they have several unusual behaviour patterns. For one thing, the males are astonishingly bellicose; the specific epithet litigata reflects the fact — in context it means "aggressive", as in the English word "litigious".
It is hypothesized that antlers in flies evolved several times because the antlers serve different purposes in other antlered fly species. Other species use antlers to push or prod their opponent whereas the P. mouldsi uses them only to size-up their opponent. [2] In fact, P. mouldsi has the least complex antlers of the Phytalmiinae subfamily. [4]
The tiny piophilid species Protopiophila litigata, commonly known as the antler fly, [7] breeds on discarded antlers of moose and other deer. On discarded antlers, the males form complex, highly structured aggregations in which a great deal of territorial competition occurs. In prime areas of the antler, near oviposition sites (cracks in the ...
Phytalmia alcicornis also known as moose fly or antler fly, is a species of fruit flies in the genus Phytalmia. This species is native to Papua New Guinea. [1]
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This is a list of the families of the order Diptera (true flies). The classification is based largely on Pape et al. (2011). Many of the fossil species are of uncertain placement and are retained in separate lists broadly under Nematocera and Brachycera. [1]
In most deer species, only the males grow antlers. However, both male and female reindeer grow antlers. There are rare cases in other deer species in which the females grow little antlers, but ...
The growth and loss of antlers for most species of deer coincide closely with rutting season. In reindeer, males will begin growing their antlers in February and shedding them in November or December.