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Guanfacine, sold under the brand name Tenex (immediate-release) and Intuniv (extended-release) among others, is an oral alpha-2a agonist medication used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and high blood pressure. [3] [10] Common side effects include sleepiness, constipation, and dry mouth. [10]
Macrogol 4000, pharmaceutical quality. Macrogol 3350, often in combination with electrolytes, is used for short-term relief of constipation as well as for long-term use in constipation of various causes, including in multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's disease patients (an often-overlooked non-motor symptom) as well as constipation caused by pharmaceutical drugs such as opioids and ...
Blurred vision, xerostomia, dry nasal passages, dilated pupils, constipation, and urinary retention. (due to its anticholinergic effects) [13] Chest discomfort/pressure (In children less than 2 years old) [13] Akathisia [21] Less frequent: Cardiovascular side effects to include arrhythmias and hypotension [13] Neuroleptic malignant syndrome [13]
Tapentadol, sold under the brand names Nucynta and Palexia among others, is a synthetic opioid analgesic of the benzenoid class with a dual mode of action as a highly selective full agonist of the μ-opioid receptor and as a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI). [7]
Verapamil, sold under various trade names, [1] is a calcium channel blocker medication used for the treatment of high blood pressure, angina (chest pain from not enough blood flow to the heart), and supraventricular tachycardia. [9] It may also be used for the prevention of migraines and cluster headaches.
Clonidine, sold under the brand name Catapres among others, is an α 2A-adrenergic receptor agonist [12] medication used to treat high blood pressure, ADHD, drug withdrawal (e.g., alcohol, opioids, or nicotine), menopausal flushing, diarrhea, spasticity, and certain pain conditions. [13] The drug is often prescribed off-label for tics.
2 times more likely to cause parkinsonism (symptoms such as tremor, hesitancy of movement, decreased facial expression), around 17% with chlorpromazine: RR 2.1 CI 1.6 to 2.8 Decreased blood pressure with dizziness: 3 times more likely to cause decreased blood pressure and dizziness, around 15% with chlorpromazine: RR 2.4 CI 1.7 to 3.3
Serious side effects may include low blood pressure, liver problems, psychosis, and QT prolongation. [5] It is unclear if use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is safe. [6] It is an α 2-adrenergic agonist, but how it works is not entirely clear. [5] Tizanidine was approved for medical use in the United States in 1996. [5]