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Vasculitis is a group of disorders that destroy blood vessels by inflammation. [2] Both arteries and veins are affected. Lymphangitis (inflammation of lymphatic vessels) is sometimes considered a type of vasculitis. [3] Vasculitis is primarily caused by leukocyte migration and resultant damage.
Prodromal symptoms, constitutional abnormalities, and organ-specific manifestations are common in vasculitis patients. Patients may show up at the emergency room with life-threatening symptoms (such as massive hemoptysis or renal failure ) or with nonspecific signs and symptoms (such as a rash , fever , myalgia , arthralgia , malaise , or ...
Cerebral vasculitis (sometimes the word angiitis is used instead of "vasculitis") is vasculitis (inflammation of the blood vessel wall) involving the brain and occasionally the spinal cord. [1] It affects all of the vessels: very small blood vessels ( capillaries ), medium-size blood vessels ( arterioles and venules ), or large blood vessels ...
The diagnostic testing for vasculitis should be guided by the patient's history and physical exam. The clinician should ask about the duration, onset, and presence any associated symptoms such as weight loss or fatigue (that would indicate a systemic cause). [12] It is important to distinguish between IgA and non-IgA vasculitis.
Rheumatoid vasculitis may affect almost any organ in the body. The skin and peripheral nerves are the most frequently affected areas. Although major organ system involvement of the kidney, bowel, or heart is much less common, it can result in serious morbidity and mortality, such as renal failure, bowel ischemia, and myocardial infarction. [3]
Cutaneous vasculitis is the most common type of vasulitis amongst those with systemic lupus erythematosus. [7] The clinical presentation is variable and can include superficial ulcerations, splinter hemorrhages, panniculitis, macules, erythema with necrosis or erythematous plaques, cutaneous infarction, livedo reticularis, bullous lesions of the extremities or urticaria lesions, papulonodular ...
Relapse in vasculitis refers to the recurrence or reactivation of disease symptoms and inflammation after a period of improvement or remission.A systematic review was conducted to investigate the identifiable risk factors for relapse in non-infectious cryoglobulinemic vasculitis with an underlying immunopathological cause, specifically in ...
Reviewing a patient's family history and conducting a physical examination are important steps in making a diagnosis. Physical exams may differ depending on the type of vascular disease suspected. For example, in the case of a peripheral vascular disease, a physical exam consists of checking blood flow in a patient's legs. [28] [29]