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2. What Is Low Testosterone & What Causes It? - AOL

   www.aol.com/low-testosterone-causes-125700734.html

   GnRH nudges the pituitary gland to produce luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). LH calls on the Leydig cells (also in the testes) to make testosterone.

3. Follicle-stimulating hormone - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Follicle-stimulating_hormone

   FSH has a beta subunit of 111 amino acids (FSH β), which confers its specific biologic action, and is responsible for interaction with the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor. [6] The sugar portion of the hormone is covalently bonded to asparagine, and is composed of N-acetylgalactosamine, mannose, N-acetylglucosamine, galactose, and sialic ...

4. Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypergonadotropic_hypogonadism

   Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism (HH), also known as primary or peripheral/gonadal hypogonadism or primary gonadal failure, is a condition which is characterized by hypogonadism which is due to an impaired response of the gonads to the gonadotropins, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), and in turn a lack of sex steroid production. [1]

5. Ovarian reserve - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovarian_reserve

   The most commonly used test to assess this ovarian reserve is the day 3 FSH test. [7] This blood test determines the level of FSH on cycle day 3. Cycle day 3 is chosen because at this time the estrogen level is expected to be low, a critical feature, as FSH levels are subject to a negative feedback.

6. Fertility testing - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertility_testing

   This test measures the amount of luteinizing hormone, a hormone that increases just before ovulation, that is in the urine. Before ovulation, the luteinizing hormone levels dramatically increase; this is known as the "LH surge". This test can recognize the LH surge about 1-1.5 days prior to ovulation.

7. Poor ovarian reserve - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poor_ovarian_reserve

   Often diagnosed by elevated gonadotropin (Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and LH) levels. In some cases (more so in younger women) ovarian function and ovulation can spontaneously resume. With POF up to 50% of women may ovulate once in any given year and 5–10% may become pregnant. POF is often associated with autoimmune diseases.

8. Azoospermia - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azoospermia

   Typically, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels are low (hypogonadotropic) commensurate with inadequate stimulation of the testes to produce sperm. Examples include hypopituitarism (for various causes), hyperprolactinemia, and exogenous FSH suppression by testosterone. Chemotherapy may suppress spermatogenesis. [5]

9. Gonadotropin - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonadotropin

   Gonadotropins are glycoprotein hormones secreted by gonadotropic cells of the anterior pituitary of vertebrates. [1] [2] [3] This family includes the mammalian hormones follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), the placental/chorionic gonadotropins, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG), [3] as well as at least two forms of fish ...