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  2. List of trigonometric identities - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_trigonometric...

    A formula for computing the trigonometric identities for the one-third angle exists, but it requires finding the zeroes of the cubic equation 4x 3 − 3x + d = 0, where is the value of the cosine function at the one-third angle and d is the known value of the cosine function at

  3. Thomae's formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomae's_formula

    This formula applies to any algebraic equation of any degree without need for a Tschirnhaus transformation or any other manipulation to bring the equation into a specific normal form, such as the Bring–Jerrard form for the quintic. However, application of this formula in practice is difficult because the relevant hyperelliptic integrals and ...

  4. Trigonometric substitution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigonometric_substitution

    In the integral , we may use = ⁡, = ⁡, = ⁡. Then, = ⁡ ⁡ = ⁡ (⁡) = ⁡ ⁡ = = + = ⁡ +. The above step requires that > and ⁡ > We can choose to be the principal root of , and impose the restriction / < < / by using the inverse sine function.

  5. Tangent half-angle formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangent_half-angle_formula

    The angle between the horizontal line and the shown diagonal is ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠ (a + b). This is a geometric way to prove the particular tangent half-angle formula that says tan ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠ (a + b) = (sin a + sin b) / (cos a + cos b). The formulae sin ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠ (a + b) and cos ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠ (a + b) are the ratios of the actual distances to ...

  6. Proofs of trigonometric identities - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proofs_of_trigonometric...

    The figure at the right shows a sector of a circle with radius 1. The sector is θ/(2 π) of the whole circle, so its area is θ/2. We assume here that θ < π /2. = = = ⁡ = ⁡ The area of triangle OAD is AB/2, or sin(θ)/2.

  7. Pythagorean trigonometric identity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagorean_trigonometric...

    By the periodicity identities we can say if the formula is true for −π < θ ≤ π then it is true for all real θ. Next we prove the identity in the range ⁠ π / 2 ⁠ < θ ≤ π. To do this we let t = θ − ⁠ π / 2 ⁠, t will now be in the range 0 < t ≤ π/2. We can then make use of squared versions of some basic shift identities ...

  8. Chebyshev polynomials - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chebyshev_polynomials

    The real part of the other side is a polynomial in cos x and sin x, in which all powers of sin x are even and thus replaceable through the identity cos 2 x + sin 2 x = 1. By the same reasoning, sin nx is the imaginary part of the polynomial, in which all powers of sin x are odd and thus, if one factor of sin x is factored out, the remaining ...

  9. Tangent half-angle substitution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangent_half-angle...

    As t goes from 0 to 1, the point follows the part of the circle in the first quadrant from (1, 0) to (0, 1). Finally, as t goes from 1 to +∞, the point follows the part of the circle in the second quadrant from (0, 1) to (−1, 0). Here is another geometric point of view. Draw the unit circle, and let P be the point (−1, 0).