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The Rugosa, also called the Tetracorallia, rugose corals, or horn corals, are an extinct order of solitary and colonial corals that were abundant in Middle Ordovician to Late Permian seas. [ 3 ] Solitary rugosans (e.g., Caninia , Lophophyllidium , Neozaphrentis , Streptelasma ) are often referred to as horn corals because of a unique horn ...
In the Middle Ordovician, the trilobite-dominated Early Ordovician communities were replaced by generally more mixed ecosystems, in which brachiopods, bryozoans, molluscs, cornulitids, tentaculitids and echinoderms all flourished, tabulate corals diversified and the first rugose corals appeared. The planktonic graptolites remained diverse, with ...
Heliolites is a large and heterogenous [1] genus of extinct tabulate corals in the family Heliolitidae. [2] Specimens have been found in Ordovician [3] to Devonian [4] beds in North America, [5] Europe, [4] Africa, [6] Asia, [7] and Australia. [3] The genus is particularly abundant in the Wellin Member of the Hanonet Formation of Belgium. [8]
Favosites, like many corals, thrived in warm sunlit seas, feeding by filtering microscopic plankton with their stinging tentacles and often forming part of reef complexes. [2] The genus had a worldwide distribution from the Late Ordovician to Late Permian .
The first pulse of the Late Ordovician Extinction has typically been attributed to the Late Ordovician Glaciation, which is unusual among mass extinctions and has made LOME an outlier. [47] Although there was a longer cooling trend in Middle and Lower Ordovician, the most severe and abrupt period of glaciation occurred in the Hirnantian stage ...
Halysites (meaning chain coral) is an extinct genus of tabulate coral. [1] Colonies range from less than one to tens of centimeters in diameter, and they fed upon plankton. [2] These tabulate corals lived from the Ordovician to the Devonian (from 449.5 to 412.3 Ma).
Some sources consider this species to be based on misinterpreted coral fragments, [31] while others certify its legitimacy as a Carboniferous stromatoporoid. [8] Fossils of the Ordovician labechiid Lophiostroma have been reported from sediments as young as the Triassic, but this is another case of poor preservation and uncertain identity. [16]
Tabulate corals occur in limestones and calcareous shales of the Ordovician period, with a gap in the fossil record due to extinction events at the end of the Ordovician. Corals reappeared some millions of years later during the Silurian period, and tabulate corals often form low cushions or branching masses of calcite alongside rugose corals ...