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Dermatophytosis, also known as tinea and ringworm, is a fungal infection of the skin [2] (a dermatomycosis), that may affect skin, hair, and nails. [1] Typically it results in a red, itchy, scaly, circular rash. [1] Hair loss may occur in the area affected. [1] Symptoms begin four to fourteen days after exposure. [1]
Tinea corporis (also known as "ringworm", [2] tinea circinata, [11] and tinea glabrosa [2]) is a superficial fungal infection (dermatophytosis) of the arms and legs, especially on glabrous skin; however, it may occur on any part of the body, it present as annular, marginated plaque with thin scale and clear center.
Fungal infection, also known as mycosis, is a disease caused by fungi. [5] [13] Different types are traditionally divided according to the part of the body affected; superficial, subcutaneous, and systemic.
One of the most frequent forms is dermatophytosis (ringworm, tinea) which includes tinea pedis, also known as athlete's foot. Another example is cutaneous candidiasis. These fungal infections impair superficial layers of the skin, hair and nails. [1] Dermatomycosis is one of the most common types of infection worldwide. [2]
It is estimated that approximately 20-25% of world population are affected by superficial fungal infections, with dermatophytosis predominating. [ 22 ] Oral candidiasis , also commonly referred to as oral thrush, is a fungal infection caused mainly by Candida albicans , which affects mucosal membranes of the oral cavity and the tongue. [ 23 ]
Superficial scrapes of skin examined underneath a microscope may reveal the presence of a fungus.This is done by utilizing a diagnostic method called KOH test, [6] wherein the skin scrapings are placed on a slide and immersed on a dropful of potassium hydroxide solution to dissolve the keratin on the skin scrappings thus leaving fungal elements such as hyphae, septate or yeast cells viewable.
Athlete's foot is a form of dermatophytosis (fungal infection of the skin), caused by dermatophytes, funguses (most of which are mold) which inhabit dead layers of skin and digest keratin. [2] Dermatophytes are anthropophilic, meaning these parasitic funguses prefer human hosts.
Tinea faciei is a fungal infection of the skin of the face. [1] It generally appears as a photosensitive painless red rash with small bumps and a raised edge appearing to grow outwards, usually over eyebrows or one side of the face. [1]