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The launch of Astra 1E and subsequent satellites saw the first use by Astra of the BSS band of frequencies (11.70–12.75 GHz) for new digital services and required the introduction of an LNB that would receive the whole frequency range 10.70–12.75 GHz, the "Universal" LNB.
A communications satellite's transponder is the series of interconnected units that form a communications channel between the receiving and the transmitting antennas. [1] It is mainly used in satellite communication to transfer the received signals. A transponder is typically composed of: an input band-limiting device (an input band-pass filter),
This results in two frequency bands, each with a bandwidth of about 1 GHz, each with two possible polarizations. In the LNB they become down converted to 950–2150 MHz, which is the frequency range allocated for the satellite service on the coaxial cable between LNBF and receiver.
A satellite modem is not the only device needed to establish a communication channel. Other equipment that is essential for creating a satellite link include satellite antennas and frequency converters. Data to be transmitted are transferred to a modem from data terminal equipment (e.g. a computer).
Low-noise block downconverters (LNBs) [1] are electronic devices coupled to satellite dishes for TV reception or general telecommunication that convert electromagnetic waves into digital signals that can be used to transform information into human or machine interpretable data, e.g., optical images, video, code, communications, etc.
DirecTV supplies BBCs with all 5-LNB K u /K a-band dish systems. The satellite signal from T10 is downconverted at the dish to the frequency range of 250-750 MHz, called "K a-lo". At the receiver when necessary, the BBC in response to a control signal from the receiver blocks any original "K a-hi" signals between 1650-2150 MHz. Then up-converts ...
Special LNBs have been developed for use in single-cable distribution systems. All four sub-bands of the Ku band (low frequency/horizontal polarity, high frequency/horizontal polarity, low frequency/vertical polarity, high frequency/vertical polarity) are received by a conventional front end, amplified and downconverted to the L-band, to be fed to a number of SatCR (Satellite Channel Router ...
In an optical fibre system at the LNB the four sub-bands are "stacked" in frequency, one above the other, at 0.95 GHz-3.0 GHz (the whole frequency range received in vertical polarisation) and 3.4 GHz-5.45 GHz (horizontal polarisation) and transmitted together as a modulated optical signal down the fibre cable using a 1310 nm semiconductor laser.