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In software engineering, the delegation pattern is an object-oriented design pattern that allows object composition to achieve the same code reuse as inheritance. In delegation, an object handles a request by delegating to a second object (the delegate). The delegate is a helper object, but with the original context.
Despite explicit delegation being fairly widespread, relatively few major programming languages implement delegation as an alternative model to inheritance. The precise relationship between delegation and inheritance is complicated; some authors consider them equivalent, or one a special case of the other.
This model can also be known as prototypal, prototype-oriented, classless, or instance-based programming. Prototype-based programming uses the process generalized objects, which can then be cloned and extended. Using fruit as an example, a "fruit" object would represent the properties and functionality of fruit in general.
Delegation pattern, a design pattern implementing this feature. Forwarding (object-oriented programming) , an often-confused technique where a sending object uses the corresponding member of another object, without the receiving object having any knowledge of the original, sending object.
In Java, several factories are used in the javax.xml.parsers package, such as javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory or javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory. In the HTML5 DOM API, the Document interface contains a createElement() factory method for creating specific elements of the HTMLElement interface.
Adapter Java Design Patterns - Adapter; Delegation, strongly relevant to the object adapter pattern. Dependency inversion principle, which can be thought of as applying the adapter pattern, when the high-level class defines its own (adapter) interface to the low-level module (implemented by an adaptee class). Ports and adapters architecture; Shim
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With delegation, the self parameter is bound to the wrapper, with forwarding it is bound to the wrappee. ... Forwarding is a form of automatic message resending; delegation is a form of inheritance with binding of the parent (superclass) at run time, rather than at compile/link time as with 'normal' inheritance. [1]