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The larynx (/ ˈ l æ r ɪ ŋ k s /), commonly called the voice box, is an organ in the top of the neck involved in breathing, producing sound and protecting the trachea against food aspiration. The opening of larynx into pharynx known as the laryngeal inlet is about 4–5 centimeters in diameter . [ 1 ]
[4]: 1346–1347 They then pass behind the posterior, middle part of the outer lobes of the thyroid gland and enter the larynx underneath the inferior constrictor muscle, [3]: 918 passing into the larynx just posterior to the cricothyroid joint. [5] The terminal branch is called the inferior laryngeal nerve. [6]: 19
The laryngeal saccules are extensions of the laryngeal ventricles as part of the lateral wall of the larynx. [1] They ascend posterior to the thyroid cartilage. [1] They are surrounded by loose areolar connective tissue. [1] This may contain lymphoid tissue, which is healthy in children and may be a sign of illness in adults. [1]
The posterior surface is triangular, smooth, concave, and gives attachment to the arytenoid muscle and transversus.. The antero-lateral surface is somewhat convex and rough. On it, near the apex of the cartilage, is a rounded elevation (colliculus) from which a ridge (crista arcuata) curves at first backward and then downward and forward to the vocal process.
The vocal folds are located within the larynx at the top of the trachea. They are attached at the back to the arytenoid cartilages, and at the front to the thyroid cartilage via Broyles ligament. They are part of the glottis. Their outer edges are attached to muscle in the larynx while their inner edges form an opening called the rima glottidis.
The thyroid cartilage forms the bulk of the front wall of the larynx. It protects the vocal folds ("vocal cords"), which are located directly behind it. When the angle of the thyroid cartilage changes relative to the cricoid cartilage, this changes the pitch of voice. The cartilage also serves as an attachment for several muscles.
The vocal tract is the cavity in human bodies and in animals where the sound produced at the sound source (larynx in mammals; syrinx in birds) is filtered.. In birds, it consists of the trachea, the syrinx, the oral cavity, the upper part of the esophagus, and the beak.
"Anatomy diagram: 25420.000-1". Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator. Elsevier. Archived from the original on 2015-02-26. lesson11 at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (larynxmembranes) Atlas image: rsa3p11 at the University of Michigan Health System - "Larynx, anterior view"
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