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Intake valves, the timing and lift of which are commonly controlled mechanically by a rotating camshaft. •. Exhaust valves, the timing and lift of which are commonly controlled mechanically by a rotating camshaft. •. Exhaust ports. •. Exhaust manifold, combining the exhaust flow from different cylinders into a common (or several common ...
The effect of the throttling valve closing ratio on EGT and pumping mean effective pressure vs. intake air mass flow rate is shown in Fig. 5. When the intake throttle valve is closed by more than 75%, the in-cylinder combustion suffers greatly because the intake air mass flow rate drops rapidly.
As the intake valve opens in the exhaust stroke, a portion of exhaust gas enters the intake port and will be sucked back into the cylinder in the intake stroke. The exhaust valve closes after TDC so that some exhaust gas will also be sucked back into cylinder. In this work, the intake and exhaust valve lifts were reduced to 3 mm to avoid the ...
The intake valves for each cylinder of the engine consist of a fixed phase intake valve and a variable phase intake valve. Considering the scavenging and the intake demand under heavy loads, the opening timing of the fixed phase intake valve is set at 340°CA (−20°CA bTDC), whereas the opening timing of the variable phase intake valve can be ...
By reopening the intake or exhaust valve during the exhaust or intake stroke (referred as 2IVO and 2EVO, respectively), internal exhaust gas recirculation (In-EGR) can be achieved, resulting in higher in-cylinder temperature, thus is helpful for the reduction of incomplete combustion products with relatively high exhaust gas temperature.
The effect of the intake valve timing on the engine under throttle control is studied in cases 1–3, while cases 4–6 explore the effects of a fully open throttle combined with varying intake valve timing under the intake valve lift strategy, meanwhile analyzed the difference in combustion between intake valve lift and throttle control, as ...
Intake valve deposits (IVDs) contribute to driveability and performance problems, interfering with the fuel and air delivery during transients. Combustion chamber deposits (CCDs) have a well-documented effect on NO emissions and produce an octane requirement increase (ORI), both of which have the same origin: the insulating layer formed by the ...
Electromagnetic intake valve train (EMIV) is capable of regulating the intake valve control parameters such as intake phase, valve lift and transitional time at any given operational condition, which provide an effective way to improve the performance of engine. So the engine model was established to research the intake quantity influenced by ...
The intake valve lift is handled by means of user-coding, describing both the valve lifts available in the real engine (namely EIVC and Full Lift) and the not-available ones, such as the LIVC strategy. In this last case, the descending ramp of the lift profile is rigidly shifted forward to mimic a late closure.
Intake manifold connects the intake system to the intake valve of the engine and through which air or air–fuel mixture is drawn into the cylinder. Details of the flow in intake manifolds are extremely complex. Recently, most of engine companies are focused on variable intake manifold technology due to their improvement on engine performance.