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  2. VSEPR theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VSEPR_theory

    The bond angle for water is 104.5°. Valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory (/ ˈ v ɛ s p ər, v ə ˈ s ɛ p ər / VESP-ər, [1]: 410 və-SEP-ər [2]) is a model used in chemistry to predict the geometry of individual molecules from the number of electron pairs surrounding their central atoms. [3]

  3. Van 't Hoff equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_'t_Hoff_equation

    When ⁠ B / C ⁠ > 1, B is the favored product, and the data on the Van 't Hoff plot will be in the positive region. When ⁠ B / C ⁠ < 1, C is the favored product, and the data on the Van 't Hoff plot will be in the negative region. Using this information, a Van 't Hoff analysis can help determine the most suitable temperature for a ...

  4. Le Chatelier's principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Chatelier's_principle

    In chemistry, Le Chatelier's principle (pronounced UK: / l ə ʃ æ ˈ t ɛ l j eɪ / or US: / ˈ ʃ ɑː t əl j eɪ /) [1] is a principle used to predict the effect of a change in conditions on chemical equilibrium. [2] Other names include Chatelier's principle, Braun–Le Chatelier principle, Le Chatelier–Braun principle or the equilibrium ...

  5. Thermochemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermochemistry

    Thermochemistry is useful in predicting reactant and product quantities throughout the course of a given reaction. In combination with entropy determinations, it is also used to predict whether a reaction is spontaneous or non-spontaneous, favorable or unfavorable. Endothermic reactions absorb heat, while exothermic reactions release heat ...

  6. List of computer-assisted organic synthesis software - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_computer-assisted...

    Computer-assisted organic synthesis software is a type of application software used in organic chemistry in tandem with computational chemistry to help facilitate the tasks of designing, predicting, and producing chemical reactions. CAOS aims to identify a series of chemical reactions which, from a starting compound, can produce a desired molecule.

  7. Chemical thermodynamics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_thermodynamics

    The primary objective of chemical thermodynamics is the establishment of a criterion for determination of the feasibility or spontaneity of a given transformation. [3] In this manner, chemical thermodynamics is typically used to predict the energy exchanges that occur in the following processes: Chemical reactions; Phase changes; The formation ...

  8. Quantitative structure–activity relationship - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantitative_structure...

    The chemical descriptor space whose convex hull is generated by a particular training set of chemicals is called the training set's applicability domain. Prediction of properties of novel chemicals that are located outside the applicability domain uses extrapolation , and so is less reliable (on average) than prediction within the applicability ...

  9. Polyhedral skeletal electron pair theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyhedral_skeletal...

    To predict the structure of an arachno cluster, the closo polyhedron with n + 2 vertices is used as the starting point, and the n + 1 vertex nido complex is generated by following the rule above; a second vertex adjacent to the first is removed if the cluster is composed of mostly small atoms, a second vertex not adjacent to the first is ...