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A network switch (also called switching hub, bridging hub, Ethernet switch, and, by the IEEE, MAC bridge [1]) is networking hardware that connects devices on a computer network by using packet switching to receive and forward data to the destination device.
For example, the sample diagram does not indicate the physical type of connection between the PCs and the switch, but since a modern LAN is depicted, Ethernet may be assumed. If the same style of line was used in a WAN (wide area network) diagram, however, it may indicate a different type of connection.
CompuServe developed its own packet switching network, implemented on DEC PDP-11 minicomputers acting as network nodes that were installed throughout the US (and later, in other countries) and interconnected. Over time, the CompuServe network evolved into a complicated multi-tiered network incorporating ATM, Frame Relay, IP and X.25 technologies.
In general, the more interconnections there are, the more robust the network is; but the more expensive it is to install. Therefore, most network diagrams are arranged by their network topology which is the map of logical interconnections of network hosts. Common topologies are: Bus network: all nodes are connected to a common medium along this ...
Each stage is made up of a number of crossbar switches (see diagram below), often just called crossbars. The network implements an r-way perfect shuffle between stages. Each call entering an ingress crossbar switch can be routed through any of the available middle stage crossbar switches, to the relevant egress crossbar switch.
Network topology is the arrangement of the elements (links, nodes, etc.) of a communication network. [1] [2] Network topology can be used to define or describe the arrangement of various types of telecommunication networks, including command and control radio networks, [3] industrial fieldbusses and computer networks.
The switch repeats the algorithm, eventually sending data from any input time-slot to any output time-slot. To minimize connections, and therefore improve reliability, the data to reprogram the switch is usually programmed via a single wire that threads through the entire group of integrated circuits in a printed circuit board.
Virtual circuits use packet switching technology that emulates circuit switching, in the sense that the connection is established before any packets are transferred, and packets are delivered in order. Connection-less packet switching divides the data to be transmitted into packets, called datagrams, transmitted through the network ...