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Methylcobalamin (mecobalamin, MeCbl, or MeB 12) is a cobalamin, a form of vitamin B 12. It differs from cyanocobalamin in that the cyano group at the cobalt is replaced with a methyl group . [ 1 ]
Injection of hydroxocobalamin is used to rectify the following causes of vitamin B 12 deficiency (list taken from the drug prescription label published by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration) Dietary deficiency of vitamin B 12 occurring in strict vegetarians and in their breastfed infants (isolated vitamin B 12 deficiency is very rare)
Hydroxocobalamin injection is a clear red liquid solution. Treatment should take into account the cause and severity of the condition. [6] Treatment is done by vitamin B 12 supplementation, either by mouth or by injection. [3] Initially in high daily doses, followed by less frequent lower doses, as the condition improves. [3]
Cerefolin is a prescription medication made by Pamlab that contains 5.635 mg of folate as L-methylfolate, 1 mg of vitamin B 12 as methylcobalamin, 50 mg of vitamin B 2 as riboflavin, and 5 mg of vitamin B 6 as pyridoxine. It is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment or prevention of vitamin deficiencies. [1]
Cyanocobalamin is a form of vitamin B 12 used to treat and prevent vitamin B 12 deficiency except in the presence of cyanide toxicity. [7] [8] [2] The deficiency may occur in pernicious anemia, following surgical removal of the stomach, with fish tapeworm, or due to bowel cancer.
Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase is a mitochondrial homodimer apoenzyme (EC. 5. 4.99.2) that focuses on the catalysis of methylmalonyl CoA to succinyl CoA.The enzyme is bound to adenosylcobalamin, a hormonal derivative of vitamin B12 in order to function.
Aerobic pathway that requires oxygen and in which cobalt is inserted late in the pathway; [6] [7] found in Pseudomonas denitrificans and Rhodobacter capsulatus.; Anaerobic pathway in which cobalt insertion is the first committed step towards cobalamin synthesis; [8] [9] [10] found in Salmonella typhimurium, Bacillus megaterium, and Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii.
Adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl), also known as coenzyme B 12, cobamamide, and dibencozide, is one of the biologically active forms of vitamin B 12. [1]Schematic diagram of the propionate metabolic pathway.