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German-occupied Europe (or Nazi-occupied Europe) refers to the sovereign countries of Europe which were wholly or partly militarily occupied and civil-occupied, including puppet governments, by the military forces and the government of Nazi Germany at various times between 1939 and 1945, during World War II, administered by the Nazi regime under the dictatorship of Adolf Hitler.
According to the Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, there were 23 main concentration camps (German: Stammlager), of which most had a system of satellite camps. [1] Including the satellite camps, the total number of Nazi concentration camps that existed at one point in time is at least a thousand, although these did not all exist at the same ...
Initially, most prisoners were members of the Communist Party of Germany, but as time went on different groups were arrested, including "habitual criminals", "asocials", and Jews. After the beginning of World War II, people from German-occupied Europe were imprisoned in the concentration camps.
During the Final Solution of the Holocaust, Nazi Germany created six extermination camps to carry out the systematic genocide of the Jews in German-occupied Europe.All the camps were located in the General Government area of German-occupied Poland, with the exception of Chelmno, which was located in the Reichsgau Wartheland of German-occupied Poland.
The Germans established several camps for prisoners of war (POWs) from the western Allied countries in territory which before 1939 had been part of Poland. There was a major POW camp at Toruń (Thorn, called Stalag XX-A ) and another at Łódź with hundreds of subsidiary Arbeitskommandos ; Stalag VIII-B , Stalag XXI-D , plus a network of ...
Polish POWs in Stalag II-B. The camp was situated on a former army training ground (Übungsplatz), and had been used during World War I as a camp for Russian prisoners.In 1933 it was established as one of the first Nazi concentration camps, to house German communists, however, it was dissolved after several months, and the prisoners were deported elsewhere.
Since the 1930s, right-wing regimes with anti-Semitic policies came to power in the Nazi Germany and some other European countries. These events led to the emergence of hundreds of thousands of Jewish refugees. Between 350,000 [2] and 400,000 [3] Jews left Germany, Austria, and Czechoslovakia before the start of World War II.
About 1.2 million Austrians served in all branches of the German armed forces during World War II. After the defeat of the Axis Powers, the Allies occupied Austria in four occupation zones set up at the end of World War II until 1955, when the country again became a fully independent republic under the condition that it remained neutral.