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The management of HIV/AIDS normally includes the use of multiple antiretroviral drugs as a strategy to control HIV infection. [1] There are several classes of antiretroviral agents that act on different stages of the HIV life-cycle. The use of multiple drugs that act on different viral targets is known as highly active antiretroviral therapy ...
Zidovudine (ZDV), also known as azidothymidine (AZT), was the first antiretroviral medication used to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS. It is generally recommended for use in combination with other antiretrovirals. [6] It may be used to prevent mother-to-child spread during birth or after a needlestick injury or other potential exposure. [6]
Dolutegravir. Dolutegravir (DTG), sold under the brand name Tivicay, is an antiretroviral medication used, together with other medication, to treat HIV/AIDS. [6] It may also be used, as part of post exposure prophylaxis, to prevent HIV infection following potential exposure. [7] It is taken by mouth. [6]
The trials showed that a drug regimen containing dolutegravir and lamivudine had a similar effect of reducing the amount of HIV in the blood compared to another drug regimen, which included dolutegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir. [7]
These three drugs work in combination to target the HIV reverse transcriptase protein in three ways, which reduces the virus's capacity to mutate. [ 5 ] In combination studies there were synergistic antiviral effects observed between emtricitabine and efavirenz, efavirenz and tenofovir, and emtricitabine and tenofovir.
Hence, inhibition of the HIV protease is one of the most important approaches for the therapeutic intervention in HIV infection [2] and their development is regarded as major success of structure-based drug design. [3] They are highly effective against HIV [4] and have, since the 1990s, been a key component of anti-retroviral therapies for HIV ...
[3] [4] In the European Union, the combination is indicated for maintenance treatment of adults who have undetectable HIV levels in the blood (viral load less than 50 copies/mL) with their current antiretroviral treatment, and when the virus has not developed resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and integrase ...
Ritonavir. Ritonavir, sold under the brand name Norvir, is an antiretroviral medication used along with other medications to treat HIV/AIDS. [4][5][8] This combination treatment is known as highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). [8] Ritonavir is a protease inhibitor, though it now mainly serves to boost the potency of other protease ...
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