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The \n escape sequence allows for shorter code by specifying the newline in the string literal, and for faster runtime by eliminating the text formatting operation. Also, the compiler can map the escape sequence to a character encoding system other than ASCII and thus make the code more portable.
For example, the null character (U+0000 NULL) is used in C-programming application environments to indicate the end of a string of characters. In this way, these programs only require a single starting memory address for a string (as opposed to a starting address and a length), since the string ends once the program reads the null character.
A string is defined as a contiguous sequence of code units terminated by the first zero code unit (often called the NUL code unit). [1] This means a string cannot contain the zero code unit, as the first one seen marks the end of the string. The length of a string is the number of code units before the zero code unit. [1]
In most encodings, this is translated to a single code unit with a zero value. For instance, in UTF-8 it is a single zero byte. However, in Modified UTF-8 the null character is encoded as two bytes: 0xC0,0x80. This allows the byte with the value of zero, which is now not used for any character, to be used as a string terminator.
In C and many derivative programming languages, a string escape sequence is a series of two or more characters, starting with a backslash \. [3]Note that in C a backslash immediately followed by a newline does not constitute an escape sequence, but splices physical source lines into logical ones in the second translation phase, whereas string escape sequences are converted in the fifth ...
Control characters may be described as doing something when the user inputs them, such as code 3 (End-of-Text character, ETX, ^C) to interrupt the running process, or code 4 (End-of-Transmission character, EOT, ^D), used to end text input on Unix or to exit a Unix shell. These uses usually have little to do with their use when they are in text ...
This allows the string to contain NUL and made finding the length need only one memory access (O(1) (constant) time), but limited string length to 255 characters. C designer Dennis Ritchie chose to follow the convention of null-termination to avoid the limitation on the length of a string and because maintaining the count seemed, in his ...
The End-of-Text character (ETX) is a control character used to inform the receiving computer that the end of a record has been reached. This may or may not be an indication that all of the data in a record have been received.