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However, staph infections are still prominent and a cause for concern among healthcare professionals, especially new antibiotic-resistant strains. In the U.S., the incidence of staph infection is around 38.2 to 45.7 per 100,000 person-years, whereas other First World countries have an average incidence rate of 10 to 30 per 100,000 person-years.
A 2004 study showed that people in the United States with S. aureus infection had, on average, three times the length of hospital stay (14.3 vs. 4.5 days), incurred three times the total cost ($48,824 vs. $14,141), and experienced five times the risk of in-hospital death (11.2% vs 2.3%) than people without this infection. [123]
For facial infections, a break in the skin beforehand is not usually the case. [1] The bacteria most commonly involved are streptococci and Staphylococcus aureus . [ 1 ] In contrast to cellulitis, erysipelas is a bacterial infection involving the more superficial layers of the skin, present with an area of redness with well-defined edges, and ...
Another treatment of AIT involves surgically removing the fistula. This treatment is often the option recommended for children. [2] However, in cases of an antibiotic resistant infection or necrotic tissue, a lobectomy is recommended. [4] If diagnosis and/or treatment is delayed, the disease could prove fatal. [5]
Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a condition caused by bacterial toxins. [1] Symptoms may include fever, rash, skin peeling, and low blood pressure. [1] There may also be symptoms related to the specific underlying infection such as mastitis, osteomyelitis, necrotising fasciitis, or pneumonia.
[2] [11] In one study of 28 patients, the disorder was complicated by involvement of the kidney (36% of cases), lung (27%), and liver (11%). [12] It is the least severe of the SCARs disorders, typically shows a mild course, and is rarely associated with severe complications although superinfection of skin lesions may be life-threatening. [2 ...
[2] [1] Risk factors include HIV/AIDS and systemic lupus erythematosus. [1] The diagnosis of Stevens–Johnson syndrome is based on involvement of less than 10% of the skin. [2] It is known as TEN when more than 30% of the skin is involved and considered an intermediate form when 10–30% is involved. [3]
[1] [2] It contains the three antibiotics neomycin, polymyxin B, and bacitracin. [1] It is for topical use. [3] [4] Possible side effects include itchiness and skin rash, [5] and in rare cases hearing loss. [5] It is relatively broad spectrum, being effective against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. [2]