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Ethinylestradiol (EE) is an estrogen medication which is used widely in birth control pills in combination with progestins. [7] [8] In the past, EE was widely used for various indications such as the treatment of menopausal symptoms, gynecological disorders, and certain hormone-sensitive cancers.
The medication is taken by mouth and contains 30 μg EE and 3 mg DRSP per tablet (brand names Yasmin, others) or 20 μg EE and 3 mg DRSP per tablet (brand names Yaz, Yasminelle, Nikki, others). [4] [5] A formulation with levomefolic acid (vitamin B 9) has also been marketed (brand names Beyaz, Safyral, others), with similar indications.
[10] [11] It has weak androgenic activity, weak antimineralocorticoid activity, and weak glucocorticoid activity. [10] [11] Gestodene was discovered in 1975 and was introduced for medical use, specifically in birth control pills, in 1987. [4] [12] It was subsequently introduced for use in menopausal hormone therapy as well.
Country Region Availability Over the counter Non-prescription Age restriction Cost Awareness Notes Afghanistan: Asia: Import only [2]Albania: Europe: None [3]: €15,60 (UPA)
Ethinylestradiol/gestodene (EE/GSD), sold under the brand names Femodene and Minulet among others, is a combination of ethinylestradiol (EE), an estrogen, and gestodene (GSD), a progestin, which is used as a birth control pill to prevent pregnancy in women. [1] [2] It is taken by mouth and contains 20 or 30 μg EE and 0.075 mg GSD per tablet.
CPA/EE-containing birth control pills were developed by 1975 [20] [21] and were first introduced for medical use in 1978. [22] They originally contained 50 μg EE (Diane); subsequently, the EE dosage was decreased to 35 μg in a new "low-dose" preparation in 1986 (Diane-35).
Cyproterone acetate (CPA), sold alone under the brand name Androcur or with ethinylestradiol under the brand names Diane or Diane-35 among others, is an antiandrogen and progestin medication used in the treatment of androgen-dependent conditions such as acne, excessive body hair growth, early puberty, and prostate cancer, as a component of feminizing hormone therapy for transgender individuals ...