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Ligaments, tendons, and cartilage work together to connect the thigh bone, shin bone, and knee cap and allow the leg to bend back and forth like a hinge. The largest joint in the body, the knee is also one of the most easily injured.
The kneecap slides along a groove in the femur as the knee bends. It is held in place by a ligament at the bottom and a tendon on top. Those connect to the femur and tibia.
Knee injuries are commonly diagnosed using X-rays or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tests. This article contains pictures of the knee joint, including X-rays, diagrams, and real images of knee injuries.
The knee, also known as the tibiofemoral joint, is a synovial hinge joint formed between three bones: the femur, tibia, and patella. Two rounded, convex processes (known as condyles) on the distal end of the femur meet two rounded, concave condyles at the proximal end of the tibia.
The main tendon found at the knee is the patellar tendon which links the quads muscles to the shin bone. The knee cap actually sits inside the patellar tendon. Tendons are frequently damaged by overuse or excessive stretching resulting in tendonitis. The most common knee tendonitis problems are:
See the pictures and anatomy description of knee joint bones, cartilage, ligaments, muscle and tendons with resources for knee problems & injuries.
Knee Anatomy – Bones Femur (Thigh bone) The femur, or thigh bone, is your body’s longest and strongest bone. It helps you stand, walk, and move around by supporting your weight and working with muscles, tendons, and ligaments. The top part of the femur connects to a special socket in the pelvis called the hip joint.
Tendons are similar to ligaments, except that tendons attach muscles to bones. The largest tendon around the knee is the patellar tendon. This tendon connects the patella (kneecap) to the tibia. This tendon covers the patella and continues up the thigh.
Patellofemoral – anterior aspect of the distal femur articulates with the patella. It allows the tendon of the quadriceps femoris (knee extensor) to be inserted directly over the knee – increasing the efficiency of the muscle.
In this detailed Muscle and Motion article, you will learn about the structure and function of the knee joint, including bones, muscles, ligaments, and tendons. The anatomy of the knee joint is complex and intricate, allowing for a wide range of motion.