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  2. International Centre for Diffraction Data - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Centre_for...

    The PDF contains more than a million unique material data sets. Each data set contains diffraction, crystallographic and bibliographic data, as well as experimental, instrument and sampling conditions, and select physical properties in a common standardized format.

  3. Wide-angle X-ray scattering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-angle_X-ray_scattering

    X-ray diffraction is a non destructive method of characterization of solid materials. When X-rays are directed at solids they scatter in predictable patterns based on the internal structure of the solid. A crystalline solid consists of regularly spaced atoms (electrons) that can be described by imaginary planes.

  4. List of style guides - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_style_guides

    A style guide, or style manual, is a set of standards for the writing and design of documents, either for general use or for a specific publication, organization or field. The implementation of a style guide provides uniformity in style and formatting within a document and across multiple documents.

  5. APA style - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APA_style

    APA style (also known as APA format) is a writing style and format for academic documents such as scholarly journal articles and books. It is commonly used for citing sources within the field of behavioral and social sciences , including sociology, education, nursing, criminal justice, anthropology, and psychology.

  6. Cambridge Structural Database - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge_Structural_Database

    The number of error-free coordinates were taken as a percentage of structures for which 3D coordinates are present in the CSD. The significance of the structure factor files, mentioned above, is that, for CSD structures determined by X-ray diffraction that have a structure file, a crystallographer can verify the interpretation of the observed ...

  7. X-ray scattering techniques - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_scattering_techniques

    This is an X-ray diffraction pattern formed when X-rays are focused on a crystalline material, in this case a protein. Each dot, called a reflection, forms from the coherent interference of scattered X-rays passing through the crystal.

  8. X-ray spectroscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_spectroscopy

    Usually X-ray diffraction in spectrometers is achieved on crystals, but in Grating spectrometers, the X-rays emerging from a sample must pass a source-defining slit, then optical elements (mirrors and/or gratings) disperse them by diffraction according to their wavelength and, finally, a detector is placed at their focal points.

  9. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffuse_reflectance...

    Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, or diffuse reflection spectroscopy, is a subset of absorption spectroscopy.It is sometimes called remission spectroscopy.Remission is the reflection or back-scattering of light by a material, while transmission is the passage of light through a material.