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An illustration of Hero's aeolipile. An aeolipile, aeolipyle, or eolipile, from the Greek "Αἰόλου πύλη," lit. ' Aeolus gate ', also known as a Hero's (or Heron's) engine, is a simple, bladeless radial steam turbine which spins when the central water container is heated. Torque is produced by steam jets exiting the turbine.
1790 (): Nathan Read invented the tubular boiler and improved cylinder, devising the high-pressure steam engine. 1791 (): Edward Bull makes a seemingly obvious design change by inverting the steam engine directly above the mine pumps, eliminating the large beam used since Newcomen's designs. About 10 of his engines are built in Cornwall.
Hero published a well-recognized description of a steam-powered device called an aeolipile, also known as "Hero's engine". Among his most famous inventions was a windwheel, constituting the earliest instance of wind harnessing on land. [3] [4] In his work Mechanics, he described pantographs. [5] Some of his ideas were derived from the works of ...
Irish inventions and discoveries are objects, processes or techniques which owe their existence either partially or entirely to an Irish person. Often, things which are discovered for the first time, are also called "inventions", and in many cases, there is no clear line between the two. Below is a list of such inventions.
The 1698 Savery Steam Pump - the first commercially successful steam powered device, built by Thomas Savery [1] The first recorded rudimentary steam engine was the aeolipile mentioned by Vitruvius between 30 and 15 BC and, described by Heron of Alexandria in 1st-century Roman Egypt. [2]
Gas turbine engines, commonly called "jet" engines, could do that. The key to a practical jet engine was the gas turbine, used to extract energy from the engine itself to drive the compressor . The gas turbine was not an idea developed in the 1930s: the patent for a stationary turbine was granted to John Barber in England in 1791.
Many towns and dwellings in Gaelic Ireland were often surrounded by a circular rampart called a "ringfort". [14] There were very few nucleated settlements, but after the 5th century some monasteries became the heart of small "monastic towns", [ 15 ] [ 16 ] many of the Irish round towers were built after this period.
The Kingdom of Ireland created the title Rex Hiberniae, King of Ireland, for use in Latin texts. Gerardus Mercator called Ireland "Hybernia" on his world map of 1541. [ 3 ] In 1642, the motto of the Irish Confederates , a Catholic-landlord administration that ruled much of Ireland until 1650, was Pro Deo, Rege et Patria, Hibernia Unanimis ...