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"The women of World War II." in A Companion to World War II ed. by Thomas W. Zeiler(2013) 2:717–738. online; Cook, Bernard. Women and War: Historical Encyclopedia from Antiquity to the Present (2006) Cottam, K. Jean. "Soviet Women in Combat in World War II: The Ground Forces and the Navy," International Journal of Women's Studies (1980) 3#4 ...
Several hundred thousand women served in combat roles, especially in anti-aircraft units. The Soviet Union integrated women directly into their army units; approximately one million served in the Red Army, including about at least 50,000 on the frontlines; Bob Moore noted that "the Soviet Union was the only major power to use women in front-line roles," [2]: 358, 485 The United States, by ...
Canada: Over 2,800 women serve in the Royal Canadian Army Medical Corps during the war. Women also receive training in small arms, first aid and vehicle maintenance in anticipation of being used as home guards. [25] New Zealand: Nurses in the New Zealand Army Nursing Service serve on hospital ships and in hospitals at the front in France. [26]
The Women's Royal Naval Service (WRNS; popularly and officially known as the Wrens) was the women's branch of the United Kingdom's Royal Navy. First formed in 1917 for the First World War , it was disbanded in 1919, then revived in 1939 at the beginning of the Second World War , remaining active until integrated into the Royal Navy in 1993.
By August 1941, women were operating fire-control instruments; although they were never allowed to pull the trigger, since killing the enemy was considered too masculine. [30] By 1943, 56,000 women were in Anti-Aircraft Command , mostly in units close to London where they faced a risk of death, but not of capture.
There were also many Canadian Jewish women that had served in World War II. [56] In fact, there were about 50,000 Canadian Jewish women that served in the Canadian military during World War II. [56] Many Canadian Jewish women who enlisted into the military had served in all branches of the military. [56] Some were even stationed overseas. [56]
During World War I and World War II, the primary role of women shifted towards employment in munitions factories, agriculture and food rationing, and other areas to fill the gaps left by men who had been drafted into the military. One of the most notable changes during World War II was the inclusion of many of women in regular military units.
The reactions on women in military were ambivalent during the Civil War. The fighting women of the Reds were shunned in the White propaganda but in the Red side propaganda they were admired and also compared to the "amazons of old". [9] The White side founded their own female organization, Lotta Svärd in November 1918.