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Cotton entered Europe (the "West") through Africa and the Mediterranean; it had been used in Sudan for thousands of years and Egyptians grew and spun cotton from at least 700 CE onward. [ 9 ] Cotton was not a common fabric in Europe at any point until the 18th century, though it did see occasional import and use during the late Middle Ages ...
Again, troops were called in to keep the peace, and the strike leaders were arrested, but some of the worker demands were met. [24] The early textile factories employed a large share of children, but the share declined over time. In England and Scotland in 1788, two-thirds of the workers in 143 water-powered cotton mills were described as children.
The 25,000-year-old Venus Figurine "Venus of Lespugue", found in southern France in the Pyrenees, depicts a cloth or twisted fiber skirt. Some other Western Europe figurines were adorned with basket hats or caps, belts were worn at the waist, and a strap of cloth wrapped around the body right above the breast.
1928 – International Bureau of Standardization of Man Made Fibers founded. [24] 1939 – US passes Wool Products Labeling Act, requiring truthful labeling of wool products according to origin. [25] 1940 – Spectrophotometer invented, with impact on commercial textile dye processes. 1942 – First patent for fabric singeing awarded in US. [26]
Whole-cloth quilt, 18th century, Netherlands.Textile made in India. In Europe, quilting appears to have been introduced by Crusaders in the 12th century (Colby 1971) in the form of the aketon or gambeson, a quilted garment worn under armour which later developed into the doublet, which remained an essential part of fashionable men's clothing for 300 years until the early 1600s.
With the spinning and weaving process now mechanized, cotton mills cropped up all over the North West of England. The stocking frame invented in 1589 for silk became viable when in 1759, Jedediah Strutt introduced an attachment for the frame which produced what became known as the Derby Rib, [10] that produced a knit and purl stitch. This ...
In 1700, the Italians were the most technologically advanced throwsters in Europe and had developed two machines capable of winding the silk onto bobbins while putting a twist in the thread. They called the throwing machine, a filatoio, and called the doubler, a torcitoio. There is an illustration of a circular hand-powered throwing machine ...
Depiction of a 13th-century gambeson (Morgan Bible, fol. 10r)A gambeson (similar to the aketon, padded jack, pourpoint, or arming doublet) is a padded defensive jacket, worn as armour separately, or combined with mail or plate armour.