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In 1525, Spanish navigator Francisco de Hoces discovered the Drake Passage while sailing south from the entrance of the Strait of Magellan. [2] Because of this, the Drake Passage is referred to as the "Mar de Hoces (Sea of Hoces)" in Spanish maps and sources, while almost always in the rest of the Spanish-speaking countries it is mostly known as “Pasaje de Drake” (in Argentina, mainly), or ...
Geographical distance or geodetic distance is the distance measured along the surface of the Earth, or the shortest arch length. The formulae in this article calculate distances between points which are defined by geographical coordinates in terms of latitude and longitude. This distance is an element in solving the second (inverse) geodetic ...
The difference between UPS grid north and true north can therefore be anything up to 180°—in some places, grid north is true south, and vice versa. UPS grid north is arbitrarily defined as being along the prime meridian in the Antarctic and the 180th meridian in the Arctic; thus, east and west on the grids when moving directly away from the ...
The Arctic Circle in Finland, 1975. The Arctic Circle in Norway at Saltfjellet mountain plateau in July 2003. A polar circle is a geographic term for a conditional circular line (arc) referring either to the Arctic Circle or the Antarctic Circle. These are two of the keynote circles of latitude (parallels).
The North Frigid Zone, between the North Pole at 90° N and the Arctic Circle at 66°33′50.3″ N, covers 4.12% of Earth's surface. The North Temperate Zone, between the Arctic Circle at 66°33′50.3″ N and the Tropic of Cancer at 23°26′09.7″ N, covers 25.99% of Earth's surface.
The Antarctic Circle is the northernmost latitude in the Southern Hemisphere at which the centre of the sun can remain continuously above the horizon for twenty-four hours; as a result, at least once each year at any location within the Antarctic Circle the centre of the sun is visible at local midnight, and at least once the centre of the sun is below the horizon at local noon.
Antarctica Map of island countries: these states are not located on any continent-sized landmass, but they are usually grouped geographically with a neighbouring continent. Determining the boundaries between the continents is generally a matter of geographical convention. Several slightly different conventions are in use.
The 80th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 80 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane, and 10 degrees (690 miles / 1100 kilometers) south of the North Pole, in the Arctic. It crosses the Atlantic Ocean , Europe , Asia , the Arctic Ocean , and North America .