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The fluke passes its lifecycle in three different hosts, namely freshwater snail as first intermediate hosts, freshwater fish as second intermediate host, and mammals as definitive hosts. [ 1 ] Endemic to Asia and Russia, C. sinensis is the most prevalent human fluke in Asia and third-most in the world.
Clonorchiasis is an infectious disease caused by the Chinese liver fluke (Clonorchis sinensis) and two related species. Clonorchiasis is a known risk factor for the development of cholangiocarcinoma, a neoplasm of the biliary system. [citation needed]
Carcinogenic parasites are parasitic organisms that depend on other organisms (called hosts) for their survival, and cause cancer in such hosts.Three species of flukes are medically-proven carcinogenic parasites, namely the urinary blood fluke (Schistosoma haematobium), the Southeast Asian liver fluke (Opisthorchis viverrini) and the Chinese liver fluke (Clonorchis sinensis).
The larvae are released into the environment from which the definitive hosts (humans and other mammals) acquire the infection. In some species another intermediate host is required, generally a cyprinid fish, and the definitive hosts are infected from eating infected fish. Hence, these species are food-borne parasites.
There are over 80 different species of trematodes that are transmitted through food that can cause infections in humans. [9] Foodborne trematodiases include intestinal flukes, lung flukes, and liver flukes. [9] Liver flukes cause liver disease in humans and are caused by the species Clonorchis, Opisthorchis and Fasciola. [2]
Clonorchiasis is a parasitic infection caused by the Chinese liver fluke, Clonorchis sinensis. [14] The disease is prevalent in East Asia, including China, Korea, Vietnam and parts of Russia. The transmission of clonorchiasis occurs through the ingestion of raw or undercooked fish that are infected with the larvae of Clonorchis sinensis. Once ...
The Life Cycle of Gastrodiscoides hominis. Humans are now considered as the accidental host because humans are not the primary requirement for the life cycle; pigs are recognised as the principal definitive host. Infection causes a helminthic disease called gastrodiscoidiasis. [6]
[13] [14] When related to Clonorchis sinensis, definitive diagnosis is by identification of eggs by microscopic demonstration in faeces or in duodenal aspirate, but other sophisticated methods have been developed, such as ELISA, which has become the most important clinical technique.