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According to halakha, the recognition of someone as fully Jewish requires them to have been born to a Jewish mother. [1] A person who is born to a non-Jewish mother and a Jewish father is regarded as Zera Yisrael (lit. ' Seed of Israel ') and will only be accepted as ethnically Jewish and not as religiously Jewish. Thus, being Jewish through ...
The next platform – The Guiding Principles of Reform Judaism ("The Columbus Platform") [53] – was published by the Central Conference of American Rabbis (CCAR) in 1937. The CCAR rewrote its principles in 1976 with its Reform Judaism: A Centenary Perspective [54] and rewrote them again in 1999's A Statement of Principles for Reform Judaism. [55]
According to Freeman, "the tribunals that adjudicate marital issues are by religious law and by custom entirely male." [291] " 'Men's superiority' is a fundamental tenet in Judaism", according to Irit Umanit. [292] According to Freeman, Likud party-led "governments have been less than hospitable to women's high-level participation." [293]
Religion – organized collection of beliefs, cultural systems, and world views that relate humanity to an order of existence. Many religions have narratives, symbols, and sacred histories that are intended to explain the meaning of life and/or to explain the origin of life or the Universe.
World's religions: Abrahamic religions: Judaism – "religion, philosophy, and way of life" of the Jewish people. Originating in the Hebrew Bible (also known as the Tanach) and explored in later texts such as the Talmud, it is considered by religious Jews to be the expression of the covenantal relationship God developed with the Children of Israel.
A matriarchal religion is a religion that emphasizes a goddess or multiple goddesses as central figures of worship and spiritual authority. The term is most often used to refer to theories of prehistoric matriarchal religions that were proposed by scholars such as Johann Jakob Bachofen , Jane Ellen Harrison , and Marija Gimbutas , and later ...
Ugaritic mythology – The Levant region was inhabited by people who themselves referred to the land as "ca-na-na-um" as early as the mid-third millennium BCE; Ancient semitic religions – The term ancient Semitic religion encompasses the polytheistic religions of the Semitic speaking peoples of the ancient Near East and Northeast Africa.
Conservative Judaism views halakha as normative [1] and binding. [2] The Conservative movement applies Jewish law to the full range of Jewish beliefs and practices, including thrice-daily prayer, Shabbat and holidays, marital relations and family purity, conversion, dietary laws , and Jewish medical ethics.