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List of some standard rules of the road: Entering and leaving roadways. Right of way at marked and unmarked intersections under various conditions. Observing and interpreting traffic signs (especially warning, priority or prohibitory traffic signs) Keeping to right side (or left side) except to pass others, where passing is allowed.
Road traffic safety refers to the methods and measures, such as traffic calming, to prevent road users from being killed or seriously injured. Typical road users include pedestrians , cyclists , motorists , passengers of vehicles, and passengers of on-road public transport , mainly buses and trams .
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration writes and enforces the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards. In 2020, there were an estimated 38,680 traffic fatalities in the U.S. [8] The U.S. traffic fatality rate was 1.1 per 100 million vehicle miles traveled as of 2019. [9]
The laws regulating driving (or "distracted driving") may be subject to primary enforcement or secondary enforcement by state, county or local authorities. [1]All state-level cell phone use laws in the United States are of the "primary enforcement" type — meaning an officer may cite a driver for using a hand-held cell phone without any other traffic offense having taken place — except in ...
The "hierarchy of road users", according to The Official Highway Code "is a concept that places those road users most at risk in the event of a collision at the top of the hierarchy". Three special rules are provided which cover the concept: [7]
Comparing motorways (controlled-access, divided highways) in Europe and the United States, according to 2012 data, Denmark had the safest motorways with a rate of 0.72 road fatalities per 1 billion vehicle-km, while the United States had 3.38 road fatalities per 1 billion vehicle-km on its Interstate-type highways, often called freeways. [27]
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The Official Road Code (cars and light vehicles requiring a class 1 licence) The Official Road Code for Heavy Vehicle Drivers (vehicles 3500 kg and heavier, and licence classes 2–5) The Official Road Code for Motorcycles (two-wheeled vehicles, and licence class 6) The Official Code for Cyclists provides rules for cyclists on New Zealand's roads.