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Fishes are a paraphyletic group and for this reason, the class Pisces seen in older reference works is no longer used in formal taxonomy.Traditional classification divides fish into three extant classes (Agnatha, Chondrichthyes, and Osteichthyes), and with extinct forms sometimes classified within those groups, sometimes as their own classes: [1]
Common names of fish can refer to a single species; to an entire group of species, such as a genus or family; or to multiple unrelated species or groups.Ambiguous common names are accompanied by their possible meanings.
The vertebrates include mammals, birds, amphibians, and various classes of fish and reptiles. The fish include the jawless Agnatha, and the jawed Gnathostomata. The jawed fish include both the cartilaginous fish and the bony fish. Bony fish include the lobe-finned fish, which gave rise to the tetrapods, the animals with four
Spotted gar, Lepisosteus oculatus This article contains a list of all of the classes and orders that are located in the Phylum Chordata.. The subphyla Tunicata and Vertebrata are in the unranked Olfactores clade, while the subphylum Cephalochordata is not.
Class Cephalaspidomorphi - lampreys; Superclass Gnathostomata Vertebrates with jaws Class Chondrichthyes (cartilagineous fish - sharks and rays) Class Osteichthyes (bony fish), which has two subclasses: Actinopterygii (ray-finned fish) Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fish) Full details of higher order fish taxonomy can be found in the Chordata article.
A subclass of the Osteichthyes, the ray-finned fish (Actinopterygii), have become the dominant group of fish in the post-Paleozoic and modern world, with some 30,000 living species. The bony (and cartilaginous) fish groups that emerged after the Devonian were characterised by steady improvements in foraging and locomotion.
Fishes of the World is a standard reference for the systematics of fishes.It was first written in 1976 by the American ichthyologist Joseph S. Nelson (1937–2011). Now in its fifth edition (2016), the work is a comprehensive overview of the diversity and classification of the 30,000-plus fish species known to science.
The lancelet is a small, translucent, fish-like animal that is one of the closest living invertebrate relatives of the vertebrates. [ 80 ] [ 81 ] The lancelets were traditionally seen as the sister lineage to the vertebrates ; in turn, these two groups together (sometimes called Notochordata) were considered the sister group to the Tunicata ...