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In 1987, this was changed to ADHD in the DSM-III-R, and in 1994 the DSM-IV in split the diagnosis into three subtypes: ADHD inattentive type, ADHD hyperactive-impulsive type, and ADHD combined type. [343] These terms were kept in the DSM-5 in 2013 and in the DSM-5-TR in 2022. [3] [4] Prior to the DSM, terms included minimal brain damage in the ...
The DSM-5 allows for diagnosis of the predominantly inattentive presentations of ADHD (ICD-10 code F90.0) if the individual presents six or more (five for adults) of the following symptoms of inattention for at least six months to a point that is disruptive and inappropriate for developmental level:
Atomoxetine. Atomoxetine, sold under the brand name Strattera, is a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor medication used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) [ 12] and, to a lesser extent, cognitive disengagement syndrome. [ 13][ 14][ 15] It may be used alone or along with psychostimulants. [ 16][ 17] It enhances the ...
Hyperkinetic disorder was a neuropsychiatric condition that was thought to emerge in early childhood. Its features included an enduring pattern of severe, developmentally inappropriate symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity across different settings (e.g., home and school) that significantly impair academic, social and work ...
Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is the persistence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) into adulthood. It is a neurodevelopmental disorder, meaning impairing symptoms must have been present in childhood, except for when ADHD occurs after traumatic brain injury. [ 1][ 2][ 3] Specifically, multiple symptoms must be ...
Oppositional defiant disorder ( ODD) [ 1] is listed in the DSM-5 under Disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders and defined as "a pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness". [ 2] This behavior is usually targeted toward peers, parents, teachers, and other authority figures, including law ...
5.1% (hypothesized [ 1]) Cognitive disengagement syndrome ( CDS) is a syndrome characterized by developmentally-inappropriate, impairing and persistent levels of decoupled attentional processing from the ongoing external context and resultant hypoactivity. Symptoms often manifest in difficulties with staring, mind blanking, withdrawal, mental ...
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder management options are evidence-based practices with established treatment efficacy for ADHD. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends different treatment paradigms depending on the age of the person being treated. For those aged 4–5, the AAP recommends evidence-based parent- and/or teacher ...