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Hindustani verbs. Hindustani ( Hindi and Urdu) verbs conjugate according to mood, tense, person, number, and gender. Hindustani inflection is markedly simpler in comparison to Sanskrit, from which Hindustani has inherited its verbal conjugation system (through Prakrit ). Aspect-marking participles in Hindustani mark the aspect.
The future tense is formed by adding the suffix gā (~ ge ~ gī) to the subjunctive, which is a contraction of gaā (= gayā, perfective participle of jānā "to go"). [41] The future suffix, conjunctive participle, and suffix vālā are treated as bound morphemes in written Hindi, but as separate words in written Urdu. [28] ^ The present ...
Perfective aspect. The perfective aspect ( abbreviated PFV ), sometimes called the aoristic aspect, [1] is a grammatical aspect that describes an action viewed as a simple whole, i.e., a unit without interior composition. The perfective aspect is distinguished from the imperfective aspect, which presents an event as having internal structure ...
Imperfect. The imperfect ( abbreviated IMPERF) is a verb form that combines past tense (reference to a past time) and imperfective aspect (reference to a continuing or repeated event or state). It can have meanings similar to the English "was walking" or "used to walk". It contrasts with preterite forms, which refer to a single completed event ...
Dative case. In grammar, the dative case ( abbreviated dat, or sometimes d when it is a core argument) is a grammatical case used in some languages to indicate the recipient or beneficiary of an action, as in " Maria Jacobo potum dedit ", Latin for "Maria gave Jacob a drink". In this example, the dative marks what would be considered the ...
Anglo-Norman [citation needed] | Hindi | Old French | Old Provençal | Telugu | Tibetan: Intransitive case (also called passive or patient case) the subject of an intransitive verb or the logical complement of a transitive verb: The door opened languages of the Caucasus | Ainu: Pegative case: agent in a clause with a dative argument: he gave ...
Habitual aspect. In linguistics, the aspect of a verb is a grammatical category that defines the temporal flow (or lack thereof) in a given action, event, or state. [1] [2] As its name suggests, the habitual aspect ( abbreviated HAB ), not to be confused with iterative aspect or frequentative aspect, specifies an action as occurring habitually ...
Do-support(sometimes referred to as do-insertionor periphrasticdo), in English grammar, is the use of the auxiliary verbdo(or one of its inflected forms e.g. does), to form negatedclauses and constructions which require subject–auxiliary inversion, such as questions. The verb docan be used optionallyas an auxiliary even in simple declarative ...