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Periodontal disease, also known as gum disease, is a set of inflammatory conditions affecting the tissues surrounding the teeth. [ 5] In its early stage, called gingivitis, the gums become swollen and red and may bleed. [ 5] It is considered the main cause of tooth loss for adults worldwide. [ 7][ 8] In its more serious form, called ...
hormone therapy, antifungals, immunosuppression. Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 ( APS-1 ), is a subtype of autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome (autoimmune polyglandular syndrome). It causes the dysfunction of multiple endocrine glands due to autoimmunity. It is a genetic disorder, inherited in autosomal recessive fashion due to a defect ...
A blue circle, the symbol for diabetes. High blood sugar levels, autoantibodies targeting insulin-producing cells. Type 1 diabetes ( T1D ), formerly known as juvenile diabetes, is an autoimmune disease that originates when cells that make insulin (beta cells) are destroyed by the immune system. [ 5] Insulin is a hormone required for the cells ...
Diabetes management. The term diabetes includes several different metabolic disorders that all, if left untreated, result in abnormally high concentrations of a sugar called glucose in the blood. Diabetes mellitus type 1 results when the pancreas no longer produces significant amounts of the hormone insulin, usually owing to the autoimmune ...
Primary teeth have a more obvious appearance as they have a thinner layer of enamel overlying dentine, hence the abnormal color of dentine is more noticeable. [2] Radiographically, affected teeth have short and narrow roots, and obliterated pulps due to dentine hypertrophy before or shortly after tooth eruption. [2]
Weight loss and diabetes GLP-1 drugs like Mounjaro, Zepbound, Wegovy, and Ozempic have flown off the shelves in recent years, outstripping manufacturing and leading to shortages. This has made it ...
Slowly evolving immune-mediated diabetes, or latent autoimmune diabetes in adults ( LADA ), is a form of diabetes that exhibits clinical features similar to both type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), [ 3][ 4] and is sometimes referred to as type 1.5 diabetes. [ 5] It is an autoimmune form of diabetes, similar to T1D, but patients ...
Pioglitazone. Pioglitazone, sold under the brand name Actos among others, is an anti-diabetic medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. [ 2] It may be used with metformin, a sulfonylurea, or insulin. [ 2][ 3] Use is recommended together with exercise and diet. [ 3] It is not recommended in type 1 diabetes. [ 3] It is taken by mouth.