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Until 1982, STP was defined as a temperature of 273.15 K (0 °C, 32 °F) and an absolute pressure of exactly 1 atm (101.325 kPa). Since 1982, STP has been defined as a temperature of 273.15 K (0 °C, 32 °F) and an absolute pressure of exactly 10 5 Pa (100 kPa, 1 bar). NIST uses a temperature of 20 °C (293.15 K, 68 °F) and an absolute ...
Properties of aqueous ethanol solutions. Data obtained from Lange 1967. Mass fraction, %. Volume concentration, %. Mass concentration, g/ (100 ml) at 15.56 °C. Density relative to 4 °C water [citation needed] Density at 20 °C relative to 20 °C water.
The standard state should not be confused with standard temperature and pressure (STP) for gases, [4] nor with the standard solutions used in analytical chemistry. [5] STP is commonly used for calculations involving gases that approximate an ideal gas, whereas standard state conditions are used for thermodynamic calculations. [6]
The ideal gas equation can be rearranged to give an expression for the molar volume of an ideal gas: = = Hence, for a given temperature and pressure, the molar volume is the same for all ideal gases and is based on the gas constant: R = 8.314 462 618 153 24 m 3 ⋅Pa⋅K −1 ⋅mol −1, or about 8.205 736 608 095 96 × 10 −5 m 3 ⋅atm⋅K ...
STP conditions imply a temperature of 0 °C, at which the ability of water to become vapor is very restricted. Its concentration in air is very low at 0 °C. The red line on the chart to the right is the maximum concentration of water vapor expected for a given temperature.
Up to 99.63 °C (the boiling point of water at 0.1 MPa), at this pressure water exists as a liquid. Above that, it exists as water vapor. Note that the boiling point of 100.0 °C is at a pressure of 0.101325 MPa (1 atm), which is the average atmospheric pressure. Water/steam data table at standard pressure (0.1 M Pa) T °C.
Until 1982, STP was defined as a temperature of 273.15 K (0 °C, 32 °F) and an absolute pressure of 101.325 kPa (1 atm). Since 1982, STP is defined as a temperature of 273.15 K (0 °C, 32 °F) and an absolute pressure of 100 kPa (1 bar). Conversions between each volume flow metric are calculated using the following formulas: Prior to 1982,
759.9625. 1.0000. The vapor pressure of water is the pressure exerted by molecules of water vapor in gaseous form (whether pure or in a mixture with other gases such as air). The saturation vapor pressure is the pressure at which water vapor is in thermodynamic equilibrium with its condensed state. At pressures higher than vapor pressure, water ...