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The history of Southern Africa has been divided into its prehistory, its ancient history, the major polities flourishing, the colonial period, and the post-colonial period, in which the current nations were formed. Southern Africa is bordered by Central Africa, East Africa, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, and the Sahara Desert.
The Prehistory of South Africa (and, inseparably, the wider region of Southern Africa) lasts from the Middle Stone Age until the 17th century. Southern Africa was first reached by Homo sapiens before 130,000 years ago, possibly before 260,000 years ago. [ 1 ] The region remained in the Late Stone Age until the first traces of pastoralism were ...
History of South Africa. The first modern humans are believed to have inhabited South Africa more than 100,000 years ago. [1] In 1999, UNESCO designated the region the Cradle of Humankind World Heritage site. [2] South Africa's first known inhabitants have been referred to as the Khoisan, the Khwe and the San.
Ancient and medieval colonies. Africa in 1910. In the early historical period, colonies were founded in North Africa by migrants from Europe and Western Asia, particularly Greeks and Phoenecians. Under Egypt 's Pharaoh Amasis (570–526 BC) a Greek mercantile colony was established at Naucratis, some 50 miles from the later Alexandria. [2]
The Oorlam people, led by Jonker Afrikaner, leave for south-west Africa. The missionary John Philip founds Philippolis, the first European settlement of the Transorangia. 1824. Founding of Port Natal, later called Durban. The Zulu king Shaka comes into contact with the white settlers.
History of South Africa. Shaka Zulu in traditional Zulu military garb. During the Napoleonic Wars, the Cape Colony was annexed [citation needed] by the British and officially became their colony in 1815. Britain encouraged [citation needed] settlers to the Cape, and in particular, sponsored the 1820 Settlers to farm in the disputed area between ...
History of South Africa. Although the Portuguese basked in the nautical achievement of successfully navigating the cape, they showed little interest in colonization. The area's fierce weather and rocky shoreline posed a threat to their ships, and many of their attempts to trade with the local Khoikhoi ended in conflict.
The Zulu Kingdom (/ ˈ z uː l uː / ZOO-loo; Zulu: KwaZulu), sometimes referred to as the Zulu Empire or the Kingdom of Zululand, was a monarchy in Southern Africa.During the 1810s, Shaka established a standing army that consolidated rival clans and built a large following which ruled a wide expanse of Southern Africa that extended along the coast of the Indian Ocean from the Tugela River in ...