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Bubonic plague is one of three types of plague caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis. [1] One to seven days after exposure to the bacteria, flu-like symptoms develop. [1] These symptoms include fever, headaches, and vomiting, [1] as well as swollen and painful lymph nodes occurring in the area closest to where the bacteria entered the skin. [2]
The bacteria multiply in the small intestine; [17] the feces (waste product) of an infected person, including one with no apparent symptoms, can pass on the disease if it contacts the water supply by any means. [17] History does not recount any incidents of cholera until the 19th century. Cholera came in seven waves, the last two of which ...
The symptoms of syphilis have become less severe over the 19th and 20th centuries, in part due to widespread availability of effective treatment, and partly due to virulence of the bacteria. [23] With early treatment, few complications result. [ 22 ]
In the mid to late nineteenth century, scientific patterns emerged which contradicted the widely held miasma theory of disease. These findings led medical science to what we now know as the germ theory of disease. [ 1] The germ theory of disease proposes that invisible microorganisms ( bacteria and viruses) are the cause of particular illnesses ...
Tuberculosis (TB), also known colloquially as the " white death ", or historically as consumption, [8] is an infectious disease usually caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) bacteria. [1] Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body. [1] Most infections show no symptoms, in which case it is known ...
The history of tuberculosis encompasses the origins of the disease, tuberculosis (TB) through to the vaccines and treatments methods developed to contain and mitigate its impact. Throughout history, the disease tuberculosis has been variously known as consumption, phthisis, and the White Plague. It is generally accepted that the causative agent ...
Specialty. Infectious disease. Lupus vulgaris (also known as tuberculosis luposa[1]) are painful cutaneous tuberculosis skin lesions with nodular appearance, most often on the face around the nose, eyelids, lips, cheeks, ears [2] and neck. It is the most common Mycobacterium tuberculosis skin infection. [3] The lesions may ultimately develop ...
Iatrogenesis is the causation of a disease, a harmful complication, or other ill effect by any medical activity, including diagnosis, intervention, error, or negligence. [1][2][3] First used in this sense in 1924, [1] the term was introduced to sociology in 1976 by Ivan Illich, alleging that industrialized societies impair quality of life by ...