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Bubonic plague is one of three types of plague caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis. [1] One to seven days after exposure to the bacteria, flu-like symptoms develop. [1] These symptoms include fever, headaches, and vomiting, [1] as well as swollen and painful lymph nodes occurring in the area closest to where the bacteria entered the skin. [2]
The bacteria multiply in the small intestine; [17] the feces (waste product) of an infected person, including one with no apparent symptoms, can pass on the disease if it contacts the water supply by any means. [17] History does not recount any incidents of cholera until the 19th century. Cholera came in seven waves, the last two of which ...
In the mid to late nineteenth century, scientific patterns emerged which contradicted the widely held miasma theory of disease. These findings led medical science to what we now know as the germ theory of disease. [ 1] The germ theory of disease proposes that invisible microorganisms ( bacteria and viruses) are the cause of particular illnesses ...
Diphtheria is an infection caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae. [2] Most infections are asymptomatic or have a mild clinical course, but in some outbreaks, the mortality rate approaches 10%. [1] Signs and symptoms may vary from mild to severe, [1] and usually start two to five days after exposure. [2]
The history of tuberculosis encompasses the origins of the disease, tuberculosis (TB) through to the vaccines and treatments methods developed to contain and mitigate its impact. Throughout history, the disease tuberculosis has been variously known as consumption, phthisis, and the White Plague. It is generally accepted that the causative agent ...
Infectious mononucleosis (IM, mono), also known as glandular fever, is an infection usually caused by the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). [2][3] Most people are infected by the virus as children, when the disease produces few or no symptoms. [2] In young adults, the disease often results in fever, sore throat, enlarged lymph nodes in the neck, and ...
Focal infection theory is the historical concept that many chronic diseases, including systemic and common ones, are caused by focal infections. In present medical consensus, a focal infection is a localized infection, often asymptomatic, that causes disease elsewhere in the host, but focal infections are fairly infrequent and limited to fairly uncommon diseases. [1]
Plague (disease) Yersinia pestis seen at 200× magnification with a fluorescent label. Plague is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis. [2] Symptoms include fever, weakness and headache. [1] Usually this begins one to seven days after exposure. [2] There are three forms of plague, each affecting a different part of the ...