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At 150.4 miles (242.0 km), Lechuguilla Cave is the eighth-longest explored cave in the world [1] and the second deepest (1,604 feet or 489 meters) in the continental United States. [2] It is most famous for its unusual geology, rare formations, and pristine condition. The cave is named for the canyon through which it is entered, which is named ...
Carlsbad Caverns National Park. Carlsbad Caverns National Park is a national park of the United States in the Guadalupe Mountains of southeastern New Mexico. The primary attraction of the park is the show cave Carlsbad Cavern. Visitors to the cave can hike in on their own via the natural entrance or take an elevator from the visitor center.
Gypsum stalactites in a cave formed via sulfuric acid dissolution (Lechuguilla Cave, New Mexico) A solutional cave, solution cave, or karst cave is a cave usually formed in the soluble rock limestone. It is the most frequently occurring type of cave. It can also form in other rocks, including chalk, dolomite, marble, salt beds, and gypsum.
Karst. Škocjan Caves, Slovenia. Lijiang fengcong (cone karst) in Guilin as part of the South China Karst. Karst formation of the Serra de Tramuntana. Karst (/ kɑːrst /) is a topography formed from the dissolution of soluble carbonate rocks such as limestone and dolomite.
Caves are found around the world. The largest form in areas of karst landforms whose rocks dissolve easily. Preferable conditions for karst cave formation are adequate precipitation, enough plants and animals to produce ample carbon dioxide, and a landscape of gentle hills which drains slowly.
The Caverns of Sonora, a National Natural Landmark, [1] is a unique cave located 8 miles (13 km) west of the small city of Sonora, the seat of Sutton County, Texas. It is a world-class cave because of its stunning array of calcite crystal formations, especially helictites. These helictites are found in extreme abundance, often with a rare ...
Calcite rafts. Calcite crystals form on the surface of quiescent bodies of water, even when the bulk water is not supersaturated with respect to calcium carbonate. The crystals grow, attach to one other and appear to be floating rafts of a white, opaque material. The floating materials have been referred to as calcite rafts or "leopard spots".
Speleogenesis is the origin and development of caves, the primary process that determines essential features of the hydrogeology of karst and guides its evolution. It often deals with the development of caves through limestone, caused by the presence of water with carbon dioxide dissolved within it, producing carbonic acid which permits the dissociation of the calcium carbonate in the limestone.