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  2. Framing (construction) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Framing_(construction)

    The top and bottom plates are end-nailed to each stud with two nails at least 3 + 1 ⁄ 4 in (83 mm) in length (16d or 16-penny nails). Studs are at least doubled (creating posts) at openings, the jack stud being cut to receive the lintels (headers) that are placed and end-nailed through the outer studs. [10] Moisture barrier sheathing with ...

  3. Wall stud - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wall_stud

    Stud. Sill plate / sole plate / bottom plate. Wall studs are framing components in timber or steel -framed walls, that run between the top and bottom plates. It is a fundamental element in frame building. The majority non- masonry buildings rely on wall studs, with wood being the most common and least-expensive material used for studs.

  4. Sound transmission class - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_transmission_class

    Light-gauge (25-gauge or lighter) provides better sound isolation than 16-20-gauge steel, and noticeably better performance than wood studs. [21] When heavy gauge steel or wood studs are spaced 16 inches (410 mm) on center, additional resonances form which further lower the sound isolation performance of a partition.

  5. Steel frame - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steel_frame

    Steel frame is a building technique with a " skeleton frame" of vertical steel columns and horizontal I-beams, constructed in a rectangular grid to support the floors, roof and walls of a building which are all attached to the frame. The development of this technique made the construction of the skyscraper possible. [1]

  6. Structural steel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_steel

    Structural steel. Structural steel is a category of steel used for making construction materials in a variety of shapes. Many structural steel shapes take the form of an elongated beam having a profile of a specific cross section. Structural steel shapes, sizes, chemical composition, mechanical properties such as strengths, storage practices ...

  7. Cold-formed steel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold-formed_steel

    Cold-formed steel, especially in the form of thin gauge sheets, is commonly used in the construction industry for structural or non-structural items such as columns, beams, joists, studs, floor decking, built-up sections and other components. Such uses have become more and more popular in the US since their standardization in 1946.

  8. Threaded rod - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Threaded_rod

    A threaded rod, also known as a stud, is a relatively long rod that is threaded on both ends; the thread may extend along the complete length of the rod. [1] They are designed to be used in tension. [2] Threaded rod in bar stock form is often called all-thread (ATR); other names include fully-threaded rod, redi-rod, continuously-threaded rod ...

  9. Railroad tie - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Railroad_tie

    A railroad tie, crosstie (American English), railway tie (Canadian English) or railway sleeper (Australian and British English) is a rectangular support for the rails in railroad tracks. Usually laid perpendicular to the rails, ties transfer loads to the track ballast and subgrade, hold the rails upright and keep them spaced to the correct gauge.