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Lung transplantation is the therapeutic measure of last resort for patients with end-stage lung disease who have exhausted all other available treatments without improvement. A variety of conditions may make such surgery necessary. As of 2005, the most common reasons for lung transplantation in the United States were: [2]
The success rate of heart–lung transplants has improved significantly in recent years. The British National Health Service states that the survival rate is now around 85%, one year after the transplant was performed. [1] In 2004, there were only 39 heart–lung transplants performed in the entire United States and only 75 worldwide.
A heart-lung transplant is a procedure carried out to replace both heart and lungs in a single operation. Due to a shortage of suitable donors, it is a rare procedure; only about a hundred such transplants are performed each year in the United States. [citation needed] The patient is anesthetised. When the donor organs arrive, they are checked ...
This is known as ABO-incompatible (ABOi) transplantation. During the initial study period of 1996–2001, allowing for ABOi heart transplantation reduced infant mortality from 58% to 7%. [4] Graft survival and patient mortality is approximately the same between ABOi and ABOc recipients.
Ex vivo lung perfusion, EVLP, is a form of machine perfusion aimed at sustaining the active aerobic cellular metabolism of donor lungs outside the donor's body prior to lung transplantation. This medical preservation technique typically occurs within a specialised machine engineered to mimic the conditions of the natural circulatory system .
On 9 March 1981, the first successful heart-lung transplant took place at Stanford University Hospital. The head surgeon, Bruce Reitz, credited the patient's recovery to cyclosporine. As the rising success rate of transplants and modern immunosuppression make transplants more common, the need for more organs has become critical. Transplants ...
A lung from a 16-year-old donor would first be offered to the person in the age group 12–17 with the highest lung allocation score and matching blood type in the vicinity of the transplant center. If there no suitable recipient in that age group, it would next be offered to the highest LAS-scoring candidate who is under 12 years of age.
Lung surgery is a type of thoracic surgery involving the repair or removal of lung tissue, [1] and can be used to treat a variety of conditions ranging from lung cancer to pulmonary hypertension. Common operations include anatomic and nonanatomic resections, pleurodesis and lung transplants .