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A part's-eye view of a boring bar. Hole types: Blind hole (left), through hole (middle), interrupted hole (right). In machining, boring is the process of enlarging a hole that has already been drilled (or cast) by means of a single-point cutting tool (or of a boring head containing several such tools), such as in boring a gun barrel or an engine cylinder.
In this case, the tool bits are of the brazed carbide type. Boring bar marked B. A boring bar is a tool used in metalworking and woodworking. Boring is a technique used in many aspects of building. Woodworkers have used boring as a form of drilling for centuries. In woodworking, the boring tool is static in size and used to form circular plunge ...
K.S. Tom describes the drilling process: "The Chinese method of deep drilling was accomplished by a team of men jumping on and off a beam to impact the drilling bit while the boring tool was rotated by buffalo and oxen." [4] This was the same method used for extracting petroleum in California during the 1860s (i.e. "kicking her down").
A horizontal boring machine has its work spindle parallel to the ground and work table. Typically there are three linear axes in which the tool head and part move. Convention dictates that the main axis that drives the part towards the work spindle is the Z axis, with a cross-traversing X axis and a vertically traversing Y axis.
Before boring machines were invented, carpenters used hand-powered augers to bore holes. Most common were T-handled augers. The shape of the drill bits changed over time, with the spoon bit and shell bit being common before the invention of the spiral or twist bit in 1771 [1] which removes the cuttings as it turns.
The valve reopens, and the cycle repeats. The friction between the tool and the earth keeps the tool from sliding back. Tool speed is controlled by manipulating the air supply to the tool. This air supply valve is outside the tool and remains accessible to the operator. As the tool pounds through the ground, it compresses the soil.
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The revolutionary underlying principle was that advances in machine tool control that expedited the making of jigs were fundamentally a way to expedite the cutting process itself, for which the jig was just a means to an end. Thus, the jig borer's development helped advance machine tool technology toward later NC and CNC development. The jig ...