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The Chinese monarchs were the rulers of China during Ancient and Imperial periods. [a] The earliest rulers in traditional Chinese historiography are of mythological origin, and followed by the Xia dynasty of highly uncertain and contested historicity.
In fact, the vast majority of female rulers throughout Chinese Imperial history came to power by ruling as regents on behalf of their sons; prominent examples include Empress Lü Zhi of the Han, as well as the empress dowagers Cixi and Ci'an during the Qing, who for a time ruled jointly as co-regents. Where Empresses Dowager were too weak to ...
China Year: President Republic of China (Taiwan) President People's Republic of China (Mainland China) 1949 Li Zongren (acting): Mao Zedong (Paramount leader: Himself) 1950
Wu Zetian, an empress consort who became an imperial ruler during the Tang dynasty and during the emperor Gaozong. After the death of her husband, she became the sole ruler of China for more than two decades. 626–636: Empress Zhangsun, empress consort of Emperor Taizong; 650–655: Empress Wang, first empress consort of Emperor Gaozong
Solely political term for certain rulers of specific ancient Chinese states. [10] Bo (伯): Elder, Chief. A birth order term of seniority within the aristocracy indicating the most senior male member of a sublineage along the primary (patrilineal) line of descent. [8] [11] Zi (子): master, unratified lord, ruler, sir.
The rulers of the previous Shang (c. 1600 – c. 1050 BC) and Zhou (c. 1056 – 256 BC) dynasties were referred to as 'king' (王 wáng). [11] By the time of the Zhou dynasty, they were also referred to as the Son of Heaven. [11] In 221 BC, King Ying Zheng of Qin completed the conquest of all the Warring States of ancient China.
The Yuan dynasty was an imperial dynasty of China, proclaimed on 18 December 1271 by Kublai Khan, which succeeded the Song dynasty and preceded the Ming dynasty. It also functioned as a continuation of the Mongol Empire , which was founded by Genghis Khan in 1206, but which subsequently split into four autonomous states .
This is a family tree for the Zhou dynasty, descendants of Duke Wu of Zhou who overthrew the last Shang ruler, thereby establishing the dynasty. Ruling from 1046 BC to 256 BC, it is notable as the longest dynasty in Chinese history, although the actual political and military control of China by the dynasty only lasted during the Western Zhou.