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Most input comes from collaterals of fibers passing through the thalamic reticular nucleus. The outputs from the primary thalamic reticular nucleus project to dorsal thalamic nuclei, but never to the cerebral cortex. [7] [8] This is the only thalamic nucleus that does not project to the cerebral cortex. Instead it modulates the information from ...
Sleep spindles are bursts of neural oscillatory activity that are generated by interplay of the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) and other thalamic nuclei during stage 2 NREM sleep in a frequency range of ~11 to 16 Hz (usually 12–14 Hz) with a duration of 0.5 seconds or greater (usually 0.5–1.5 seconds).
The subthalamic nucleus, whose neurons contain glutamate and have excitatory effects over neurons of globus pallidus and substantia nigra; Zona incerta, located between fields of Forel H 1 and H 2. It is continuous with the thalamic reticular nucleus and receives input from the precentral cortex.
centromedian nucleus [21] parafascicular nucleus [22] lateral nuclear group [13] [23] is replaced by posterior region [24] pulvinar [25] anterior pulvinar nucleus [26] lateral pulvinar nucleus [27] medial pulvinar nucleus [28] inferior pulvinar nucleus [29] lateral posterior nucleus [30] belongs to pulvinar; lateral dorsal nucleus [31] (a.k.a ...
A repeated burst of action potentials occurs at lower frequencies in the 4–10 Hz range. These bursts can be sustained by inhibition from the thalamic reticular nucleus and may cause an activation of cortical regions that are normally inhibited by gamma-band activity during resonance column formation.
This nucleus is located medially to the internal capsule, ventral to the thalamus, and is contiguous with the thalamic reticular nucleus. [6] The nucleus separates the lenticular fasciculus from the thalamic fasciculus (also known as the field H 1 of Forel.) Its cells are very heterogeneous differing widely in their shape and size.
The thalamic fasciculus is formed by the fibers of the ansa lenticularis and the lenticular fasciculus that merge in the field H of Forel. The fibers of this fasciculus then travel to the thalamus and primarily terminate in the ventral anterior nucleus and ventral lateral nucleus. [2] Some fibers travel to the interthalamic nuclei.
In fact, almost all thalamic neurons (with the notable exception of the thalamic reticular nucleus [6]) project to the cerebral cortex, and every region of the cortex so far studied has been found to innervate the thalamus. [7] Each of the thalami may be subdivided into at least 30 nuclei, giving a total of at least 60 for the whole thalamus ...