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Protein production is the biotechnological process of generating a specific protein. It is typically achieved by the manipulation of gene expression in an organism such that it expresses large amounts of a recombinant gene .
The following is a list of notable proteins that are produced from recombinant DNA, using biomolecular engineering. [1] In many cases, recombinant human proteins have replaced the original animal-derived version used in medicine. The prefix "rh" for "recombinant human" appears less and less in the literature.
Recombinant proteins are widely used as reagents in laboratory experiments and to generate antibody probes for examining protein synthesis within cells and organisms. [ 4 ] Many additional practical applications of recombinant DNA are found in industry, food production, human and veterinary medicine, agriculture, and bioengineering. [ 4 ]
Most protein pharmaceuticals are now produced through recombinant DNA technology using expression vectors. These peptide and protein pharmaceuticals may be hormones, vaccines, antibiotics, antibodies, and enzymes. [43] The first human recombinant protein used for disease management, insulin, was introduced in 1982. [43]
Blood, for instance, as of 2012 cannot store high levels of stable recombinant proteins, and biologically active proteins in blood may alter the health of the animals. [16] Expression in the milk of a mammal, such as a cow, sheep, or goat, is a common application, as milk production is plentiful and purification from milk is relatively easy.
Protein subunit vaccines are generally made through protein production, manipulating the gene expression of an organism so that it expresses large amounts of a recombinant gene. [16] [19] A variety of approaches can be used for development depending on the vaccine involved. [17]
Recombinant may refer to: Recombinant organism – an organism that contains a different combination of alleles from either of its parents. Recombinant DNA – a form of artificial DNA sequence; Recombinant protein - artificially produced (and often purified) protein; Recombinant virus – a virus formed by recombining genetic material
immunoglobin G1 fusion protein incompletely characterized erythropoietin: Epogen anemia arising from cancer chemotherapy, chronic renal failure, etc. recombinant protein: stimulation of red blood cell production etanercept: Enbrel rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, psoriasis recombinant human TNF-receptor fusion ...
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