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  2. Global Forecast System - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Forecast_System

    By 2015, the GFS model had fallen behind the accuracy of other global weather models. [2] [3] This was most notable in the GFS model incorrectly predicting Hurricane Sandy turning out to sea until four days before landfall, while the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts' model predicted landfall correctly at 7 days. Much of this ...

  3. Global Environmental Multiscale Model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Environmental_Multi...

    Along with the NWS's Global Forecast System (GFS), which runs out to 16 days, the ECMWF's Integrated Forecast System (IFS), which runs out 10 days, the US Naval Research Laboratory Navy Global Environmental Model (NAVGEM), which runs out eight days, the UK Met Office's Unified Model, which runs out to seven days, and Deutscher Wetterdienst's ...

  4. European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Centre_for_Medium...

    The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) is an independent intergovernmental organisation supported by most of the nations of Europe. It is based at three sites: Shinfield Park, Reading, United Kingdom; Bologna, Italy; and Bonn, Germany. It operates one of the largest supercomputer complexes in Europe and the world's ...

  5. Tropical cyclone forecast model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Tropical_cyclone_forecast_model

    The Quasi-Lagrangian Limited Area (QLM) model is a multi-level primitive equation model using a Cartesian grid and the Global Forecast System (GFS) for boundary conditions. [2] In the early 1980s, the assimilation of satellite-derived winds from water vapor, infrared, and visible satellite imagery was found to improve tropical cyclones track ...

  6. Ensemble forecasting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ensemble_forecasting

    This method of forecasting can improve forecasts when compared to a single model-based approach. [18] When the models within a multi-model ensemble are adjusted for their various biases, this process is known as "superensemble forecasting". This type of a forecast significantly reduces errors in model output. [19]

  7. List of atmospheric dispersion models - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_atmospheric...

    The European Topic Centre on Air and Climate Change, which is part of the European Environment Agency (EEA), maintains an online Model Documentation System (MDS) that includes descriptions and other information for almost all of the dispersion models developed by the countries of Europe. The MDS currently (July 2012) contains 142 models, mostly ...

  8. Integrated Forecast System - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_Forecast_System

    It comprises a spectral atmospheric model with a terrain-following vertical coordinate system coupled to a 4D-Var data assimilation system.In 1997 the IFS became the first operational forecasting system to use 4D-Var. [2] Both ECMWF and Météo-France use the IFS to make operational weather forecasts, but using a different configuration and resolution (the Météo-France configuration is ...

  9. Unified Model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unified_model

    The Unified Model atmosphere can be coupled to a number of ocean models. [5] At the Met Office it is used for the main suite of Global Model, North Atlantic and Europe model (NAE) and a high-resolution UK model (UKV), in addition to a variety of Crisis Area Models and other models that can be run on demand.