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Level of long-duration blast overpressure (from a large-scale explosion) that would cause most buildings to collapse [49] 34 kPa Atmospheric pressure at the summit of Mount Everest [50] +70 kPa +10 psi Pressure for paint exiting an HVLP (low-pressure) paint spray gun [51] 70 kPa Pressure inside an incandescent light bulb [52] 75 kPa
This particular gauge is a combination vacuum and pressure gauge used for automotive diagnosis: Indicator front with pointer and dial Mechanical side with Bourdon tube. The left side of the face, used for measuring vacuum, is calibrated in inches of mercury on its outer scale and centimetres of mercury on its inner scale
Ultra-high vacuum is used in the study of atomically clean substrates, as only a very good vacuum preserves atomic-scale clean surfaces for a reasonably long time (on the order of minutes to days). High to ultra-high vacuum removes the obstruction of air, allowing particle beams to deposit or remove materials without contamination.
The Pirani gauge is a robust thermal conductivity gauge used for the measurement of the pressures in vacuum systems. [1] It was invented in 1906 by Marcello Pirani. [2] Marcello Stefano Pirani was a German physicist working for Siemens & Halske which was involved in the vacuum lamp industry.
The torr (symbol: Torr) is a unit of pressure based on an absolute scale, defined as exactly 1 / 760 of a standard atmosphere (101325 Pa). Thus one torr is exactly 101325 / 760 pascals (≈ 133.32 Pa).
Inches of mercury is also used in automotive cooling system vacuum test and fill tools. A technician will use this tool to remove air from modern automotive cooling systems, test the system's ability to hold vacuum, and subsequently refill using the vacuum as suction for the new coolant. Typical minimum vacuum values are between 22 and 27 inHg.
Atmospheric pressure, also known as air pressure or barometric pressure (after the barometer), is the pressure within the atmosphere of Earth.The standard atmosphere (symbol: atm) is a unit of pressure defined as 101,325 Pa (1,013.25 hPa), which is equivalent to 1,013.25 millibars, [1] 760 mm Hg, 29.9212 inches Hg, or 14.696 psi. [2]
The absolute pressure of 10 to 40 mmHg in the vacuum column is most often achieved by using multiple stages of steam jet ejectors. [16] Many industries, other than the petroleum refining industry, use vacuum distillation on a much smaller scale.