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View of Manú National Park in the Amazon Rainforest. This is a timeline of Amazon history, which dates back at least 11,000 years ago, when humans left indications of their presence in Caverna da Pedra Pintada. [1] [2] Here is a brief timeline of historical events in the Amazon River valley.
The Amazon River (UK: / ˈ æ m ə z ən /, US: / ˈ æ m ə z ɒ n /; Spanish: Río Amazonas, Portuguese: Rio Amazonas) in South America is the largest river by discharge volume of water in the world, and the longest or second-longest river system in the world, a title which is disputed with the Nile.
The history of Amazonas is the result of treaties, religious missions and a few indigenous rebellions in the Amazon territory. Initially, under the Treaty of Tordesillas , the site belonged to the Spanish Kingdom, but was later annexed by the Portuguese Crown. [ 1 ]
Francisco de Orellana (Spanish pronunciation: [fɾanˈθisko ðe oɾeˈʝana]; 1511 – November 1546) was a Spanish explorer and conquistador.In one of the most improbably successful voyages in known history, Orellana managed to sail the length of the Amazon, arriving at the river's mouth on 24 August 1542.
Waters worked through the sandstone from the west and the Amazon began to flow eastward. [17] The river flowed through a former basin of a proto-Amazon, which flowed in the opposite direction at least as old as 65 Mya, long before the formation of Andes , when it originated in the highland area that formed when the South American and African ...
Aside from the Amazon, the major rivers feeding the Amazonia marine region include the clearwater Tocantins River and the Mearim River. The continental shelf is relatively smooth and shallow, with a drop on the shelf about half-way to the north. The deepest point is −2,047 metres (−6,716 ft), and the average is −49 metres (−161 ft).
The Amazon basin is the part of South America drained by the Amazon River and its tributaries. The Amazon drainage basin covers an area of about 7,000,000 km 2 (2,700,000 sq mi), [ 1 ] or about 35.5 percent of the South American continent.
The Amazon River is the largest river in the world in terms of its flow rate. In addition, it is the second longest river, measuring 6,575 km (4,086 mi) [3] from its source to the mouth of the Atlantic Ocean [4] after the Nile River which is considered to be the longest river in the world (see Source of the Nile River), although there is some dispute.