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A Bankart lesion is a type of shoulder injury that occurs following a dislocated shoulder. [3] It is an injury of the anterior (inferior) glenoid labrum of the shoulder. [ 4 ] When this happens, a pocket at the front of the glenoid forms that allows the humeral head to dislocate into it.
Both before and after reduction, with lesions labeled. Vector (.svg) version is available. The bony Bankart lesion is new, as evidenced by lack of cortex on the superior part of the fragment, and is presumed to be caused by glenohumeral ligaments pulling the humerus towards the glenoid as the shoulder dislocates, causing a fracture even without significant external forces.
Complications may include a Bankart lesion, Hill-Sachs lesion, rotator cuff tear, or injury to the axillary nerve. [1] A shoulder dislocation often occurs as a result of a fall onto an outstretched arm or onto the shoulder. [3] Diagnosis is typically based on symptoms and confirmed by X-rays. [2]
A Bankart repair is an operation for habitual anterior shoulder dislocation. [1] The joint capsule is sewed to the detached glenoid labrum , without duplication of the subscapularis tendon . The procedure is named for the Bankart lesion , a common name for the condition it addresses.
X-ray at right shows same shoulder after reduction and internal rotation, revealing both a Bankart lesion and a Hill-Sachs lesion. Diagnosis can be suspected by history and physical examination which is usually followed by imaging. Because of the mechanism of injury, apprehension of anterior dislocation is common with provocative maneuvers.
Hill Sachs Lesion at Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics online Holstein–Lewis fracture: Arthur Holstein Gwylim Lewis: fracture of the distal third of the humerus resulting in entrapment of the radial nerve: Holstein-Lewis fracture at Orthopedic Weblinks Holdsworth fracture: Sir Frank Wild Holdsworth
The failure rate following arthroscopic Bankart repair has been shown to dramatically increase from 4% to 67% in patients with significant bone loss. [5] The same authors subsequently reported much improved results when the Latarjet operation was used in patients with bone loss. [ 6 ]
Perthes lesion is a variant of Bankart lesion, presenting as an anterior glenohumeral injury that occurs when the scapular periosteum remains intact but is stripped medially and the anterior labrum is avulsed from the glenoid but remains partially attached to the scapula by intact periosteum.