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Exposure to cigarette contents leads to abnormal ferritin metabolism and increased TFR1 activity. Cigarettes contain a small amount of iron, but cumulatively a larger quantity in daily smoking. [13] The increasing iron exposure in the lung and airway affects both respiratory and systemic iron homeostasis by modifying cellular response. Although ...
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare lung disorder characterized by an abnormal accumulation of surfactant-derived lipoprotein compounds within the alveoli of the lung. The accumulated substances interfere with the normal gas exchange and expansion of the lungs, ultimately leading to difficulty breathing and a predisposition to ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the accepted version, checked on 6 February 2025. There are template/file changes awaiting review. Circumstances, mechanisms, and factors of tobacco consumption on human health "Health effects of smoking" and "Dangers of smoking" redirect here. For cannabis, see Effects of cannabis. For smoking crack cocaine, see Crack cocaine § Health issues ...
The task force has introduced a recommendation that women over the age of 30 test for high-risk human papilloma viruses (HPV) every five years rather than relying on pap smears to detect cervical ...
A recent study found that smoking an e-cigarette decreased the amount of oxygen being taken in by the lungs, ... one before and one after smoking a tobacco cigarette, e-cigarette with nicotine and ...
PAP: Papanicolaou stain positive airway pressure pulmonary artery pressure (see pulmonary hypertension) [1] pulmonary alveolar proteinosis: Pap: Papanicolaou test (pap smear) PAPP-A: pregnancy-associated plasma protein A PAPVR: partial anomalous pulmonary venous return: PARA I: indicating a woman with one child (partus = birth) [1] PARA II
According to Dr. Harrison, “Women should stop having cervical cancer screening after age 65 if they do not have a history of abnormal cervical cells or cervical cancer, and they have had either ...
Women aged 30–65 should preferably be tested every 5 years with both the HPV test and the Pap test. In other age groups, a Pap test alone can suffice unless they have been diagnosed with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US). [133] Co-testing with a Pap test and HPV test is recommended because it decreases the rate of ...