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Coin flipping, coin tossing, or heads or tails is the practice of throwing a coin in the air and checking which side is showing when it lands, in order to randomly choose between two alternatives. It is a form of sortition which inherently has two possible outcomes.
A fair coin, when tossed, should have an equal chance of landing either side up. In probability theory and statistics, a sequence of independent Bernoulli trials with probability 1/2 of success on each trial is metaphorically called a fair coin. One for which the probability is not 1/2 is called a biased or unfair coin.
The outer coin makes two rotations rolling once around the inner coin. The path of a single point on the edge of the moving coin is a cardioid.. The coin rotation paradox is the counter-intuitive math problem that, when one coin is rolled around the rim of another coin of equal size, the moving coin completes not one but two full rotations after going all the way around the stationary coin ...
Some well-known fountains can collect thousands of dollars in coins each year. According to an NBC report from 2016, the Trevi Fountain accumulated about $1.5 million in coins that year. (The ...
Player A selects a sequence of heads and tails (of length 3 or larger), and shows this sequence to player B. Player B then selects another sequence of heads and tails of the same length. Subsequently, a fair coin is tossed until either player A's or player B's sequence appears as a consecutive subsequence of the coin toss outcomes. The player ...
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A coin flip. Some coins with 1 marked on one side and 2 on the other are available, but most simply use a common coin. 3 Rounded-off triangular prism: A long die intended to be rolled lengthwise. When the die is rolled, one edge (rather than a side) appears facing upwards. On either side of each edge the same number is printed (from 1 to 3).
If the coin fell Heads then 2a is put in Envelope B, if the coin fell Tails then a/2 is put in Envelope B. If the player was aware of this mechanism, and knows that she holds Envelope A, but do not know the outcome of the coin toss, and do not know a, then the switching argument is correct and she is recommended to switch envelopes. This ...