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Islamic architecture comprises the architectural styles of buildings associated with Islam. It encompasses both secular and religious styles from the early history of Islam to the present day. The Islamic world encompasses a wide geographic area historically ranging from western Africa and Europe to eastern Asia.
During the Umayyad Caliphate era (661-750), as far as the Byzantine impact on early Islamic architecture is concerned, the Byzantine arts formed a fundamental source to the new Muslim artistic heritage, especially in Syria. There are considerable Byzantine influences which can be detected in the distinctive early Islamic monuments in Syria (709 ...
Where brick was used in Syria, the work was in the finer Mesopotamian style rather than the more crude Byzantine style. [9] Umayyad architecture is distinguished by the extent and variety of decoration, including mosaics, wall painting, sculpture and carved reliefs with Islamic motifs. [9] The Umayyads used local workers and architects.
The church architecture of Sicily has fewer examples from the Byzantine period, having been conquered by Muslims in 827, but quincunx churches exist with single domes on tall central drums and either Byzantine pendentives or Islamic squinches. [33] Very little architecture from the Islamic period survives on the island, either. [34]
Due to the extent of the Islamic conquests, Islamic architecture encompasses a wide range of architectural styles from the foundation of Islam (7th century) to the present day. Early Islamic architecture was influenced by Roman , Byzantine , Persian , Mesopotamian architecture and all other lands which the Early Muslim conquests conquered in ...
Isfahani Style (17th–19th c.) Islamic (influenced) architecture in South Asia Indo-Islamic architecture (1204–1857) Mughal architecture (1526–1707) Turkey Anatolian Seljuk architecture (1071–1299) Ottoman architecture (1299–1922) First national architectural movement (1908–1940)
Byzantine architecture had a great influence on early Islamic architecture with its characteristic horseshoe arches, vaults and domes. Many forms of mosques have evolved in different regions of the Islamic world. Notable mosque types include the early Abbasid mosques, T-type mosques, and the central-dome mosques of Anatolia.
Further afield in North Africa, particularly in Ottoman Algeria and Ottoman Tunisia, which were autonomous for much of the Ottoman era, the local western Islamic style was blended with Ottoman architecture in different ways. [278] In Baghdad, Ottoman-era mosques were built almost entirely according to local traditions. [273]